Which of the following is a reason that people are at greater risk for infection as they get older?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: 1. As people age, their immune systems naturally weaken, making them more susceptible to infections. 2. With age, the immune system's ability to respond to pathogens decreases, leading to an increased risk of infections. 3. Older individuals often have a reduced production of immune cells and antibodies, further compromising their immune response. 4. Conversely, choices A, C, and D do not directly address the physiological changes in the immune system associated with aging, making them incorrect.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because giving food or fluids to a resident suspected of having a heart attack can worsen the situation by potentially causing aspiration or interfering with medical treatment. It is crucial to follow the NPO (nothing by mouth) protocol until a healthcare professional assesses the resident. Choice B is incorrect because covering the resident with a heavy blanket can increase body temperature, which is not recommended during a heart attack. Choice C is incorrect because making the resident stand up can worsen the heart attack by increasing the workload on the heart. Choice D is incorrect because leaving the resident to call his family delays urgent medical intervention that could be life-saving during a heart attack.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Increased irritability. Lack of sleep disrupts emotional regulation, leading to irritability. Sleep deprivation affects mood-regulating regions, increasing negative emotions. Increased irritability is a common consequence of sleep deprivation, affecting behavior and relationships. A: Increased mental function - Incorrect. Lack of sleep impairs cognitive function, leading to decreased mental clarity and focus. B: Increased reaction time - Incorrect. Lack of sleep slows reaction time and impairs coordination, affecting performance and safety. C: Increased immune system function - Incorrect. Lack of sleep weakens the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to illnesses.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Get out of bed and walk. Being ambulatory means being able to walk independently. This is a physical ability related to mobility and not cognitive or communication skills. Choice A is incorrect because feeding oneself is not solely dependent on ambulation. Choice B is incorrect as memory and awareness of one's identity and location are not directly related to ambulation. Choice D is incorrect as speaking clearly is a verbal communication skill and not tied to ambulatory capability.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Muscle aches. Fever often triggers muscle aches as the body's temperature rises, leading to muscle fatigue and soreness. Sleepiness (B) can occur due to the body's increased energy expenditure during a fever. Slow movements (C) are not a common symptom of fever unless accompanied by muscle aches. Nausea (D) is more commonly associated with gastrointestinal issues rather than fever symptoms.