Which of the following is a primary goal of epidemiology?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Epidemiology aims to understand the distribution and determinants of diseases in populations, with a primary goal of identifying causes (A) to inform prevention and control (D). Treatment (B) and drug development (C) are clinical or pharmaceutical goals, not epidemiology’s focus.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rabies (C) is zoonotic, transmitted from animals (e.g., dogs) to humans. A, B, and D are primarily human diseases.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Epidemic (regional) vs. pandemic (global) differs by geographic spread (A) (e.g., flu vs. COVID-19). B, C, and D vary but aren’t defining.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Prospective cohorts (B) track incidence and establish temporality (e.g., smoking before cancer). A, C, and D are false; they’re costly, long, and prone to loss.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Case-control studies (C) rely on memory, risking recall bias (e.g., cases recalling exposures differently). A, B, and D are less primary.