ATI RN
Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs NCLEX Style Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is a potassium-sparing diuretic?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Triamterene is a potassium-sparing diuretic that inhibits Na+ channels in the distal tubule reducing K+ loss.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following molecular actions in the enteric nervous system most likely mediated the adverse effect of the drug in the 54-year-old woman?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The drug causing diarrhea in the woman is most likely paroxetine, which increases serotonergic activity in the enteric nervous system, leading to the adverse effect of diarrhea.
Question 3 of 5
The enzyme specifically decreased in Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pyruvate dehydrogenase is impaired due to thiamine deficiency in Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
Question 4 of 5
A 42-year-old man is diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. He has tried diet and exercise without success. A second-generation sulfonylurea agent is prescribed. Which of the following is the most likely side effect he will experience?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Second-generation sulfonylureas (e.g., glimepiride, choice A) cause hypoglycemia by stimulating insulin release, a common side effect. Lactic acidosis (choice B) is Metformin-related, myositis (choice C) and pruritus (choice D) aren't typical. Hypoglycemia requires monitoring.
Question 5 of 5
In the treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia in which there is excess production of cortisol precursor, the purpose of administration of synthetic glucocorticoid is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In CAH (choice D), synthetic glucocorticoids suppress ACTH, reducing adrenal precursor excess (e.g., 17-hydroxyprogesterone). Aldosterone (choice A), renal (choice B), and immune (choice C) effects aren't primary goals. ACTH suppression corrects the defect.