ATI RN
Cardiovascular Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is a nursing intervention when assessing clients with hypertension?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: 1. Teaching about non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic BP management is essential for client empowerment and adherence. 2. Education on lifestyle changes and medications helps clients make informed decisions. 3. Assessing knowledge levels enables tailored interventions for optimal BP control. Summary: A: Monitoring temperature in different positions is not directly related to assessing hypertension. C: Taking BP in multiple positions is important for orthostatic hypotension assessment, not primary hypertension evaluation. D: Weighing the client daily does not directly address hypertension assessment or management.
Question 2 of 5
Janeway lesions are painless, erythematous, or hemorrhagic lesions found on the palms and soles. They are associated with:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Janeway lesions are associated with endocarditis due to septic emboli reaching the small vessels in the palms and soles. Endocarditis causes bacterial or fungal infection of the heart valves, leading to systemic emboli formation. These emboli can travel to various organs, including the skin, causing Janeway lesions. CAD (A) is not directly related to Janeway lesions. Hyperlipidemia (B) is a risk factor for CAD but not specifically associated with Janeway lesions. CHF (D) is a condition of the heart's inability to pump effectively and does not directly cause Janeway lesions.
Question 3 of 5
A primary prevention for reducing a female patient's risk of developing coronary heart disease is to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: take aspirin 81 mg/d. Aspirin is recommended for primary prevention of coronary heart disease in high-risk individuals, including females. It helps reduce the risk of blood clot formation by inhibiting platelet aggregation. This action can prevent blockages in the arteries that supply the heart. Avoiding weight gain during pregnancy (A) is important for overall health but not a primary prevention specifically for coronary heart disease. Enrolling in a cardiac rehabilitation program (B) is more suitable for individuals who already have cardiovascular disease. Taking nitroglycerin (D) is used for acute relief of chest pain but is not a primary prevention strategy.
Question 4 of 5
What can be auscultated in a patient with cardiac valve problems (select all that apply)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cardiac murmurs. Cardiac valve problems can cause abnormal blood flow, leading to turbulent flow and producing murmurs. Murmurs are often auscultated using a stethoscope. Incorrect Choices: A: Arterial bruit is associated with vascular abnormalities, not specifically cardiac valve problems. B: Pulsus alternans is a pulse pattern, not a sound auscultated from the heart. D: Third heart sound (S3) is associated with heart failure or volume overload, not specifically valve problems.
Question 5 of 5
Priority Decision: A patient with stage 2 hypertension who is taking hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDiuril) and lisinopril (Prinivil) has prazosin (Minipress) added to the medication regimen. What is most important for the nurse to teach the patient to do?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Prazosin is an alpha-adrenergic blocker that can cause orthostatic hypotension. Step 2: Adding prazosin to the regimen can further lower the patient's blood pressure. Step 3: Changing position slowly and avoiding prolonged standing helps prevent dizziness and falls. Step 4: Teaching the patient to change positions slowly is crucial to prevent orthostatic hypotension. Step 5: This education is essential for the patient's safety and well-being.