Which of the following is a normal age-related change of the integumentary system?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because as people age, the skin naturally becomes thinner and more fragile due to a decrease in collagen and elastin production. This leads to issues like increased susceptibility to bruising and slower wound healing. A is incorrect as the amount of fat and collagen actually decreases with age. B is incorrect as pressure injuries are not a normal age-related change but can occur due to factors such as immobility. C is incorrect as hair tends to thin and become less dense with age, rather than thickening.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Open fracture. An open fracture involves the skin being broken, allowing the bone to protrude through the skin. This poses a high risk of infection due to exposure of the bone to the external environment. Closed fractures (A) do not involve any break in the skin. Greenstick fractures (C) are incomplete fractures commonly seen in children. Compression fractures (D) occur when bones are crushed, often seen in the spine. Therefore, an open fracture best describes a fracture with an open wound and bone protrusion.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Mark the bathroom with a sign or picture. This step is essential for a resident with Alzheimer's disease to help them recognize the bathroom easily, reducing confusion and anxiety. By marking the bathroom, the resident can retain their independence and dignity. Choice A is incorrect as withholding fluids can lead to dehydration and worsen incontinence. Choice B is irrelevant and does not address the issue of incontinence. Choice D is incomplete and does not provide any guidance on how to support the resident with incontinence.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Immune system weakens. As people age, their immune system tends to weaken, leading to decreased ability to combat infections and illnesses effectively. This is a normal age-related change due to factors such as thymus gland atrophy and reduced immune cell function. B: Antibody response speeds up - This is incorrect as aging typically results in a slower and less efficient immune response. C: Number of T-cells increases - This is incorrect as the number of T-cells actually decreases with age, leading to a weakened immune response. D: Response to vaccines increases - This is incorrect as older individuals often have a diminished response to vaccines due to their weakened immune system.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Intubation is the correct answer because it refers to the method of inserting an artificial airway into the trachea to help facilitate breathing. Telemetry is the monitoring of physiological parameters, not airway insertion. Ventilation is the process of moving air in and out of the lungs, not the method of inserting an airway. Dyspnea is the sensation of difficult or labored breathing, not a method of airway insertion.