ATI RN
ATI Capstone Pharmacology Assessment 1 and 2 Questions
Question 1 of 4
Which of the following is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent with a tendency to produce bone marrow depression?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Phenylbutazone is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) known for its potential to cause bone marrow depression. Bone marrow depression is a serious side effect that can lead to decreased production of blood cells, including white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. This can result in an increased risk of infections, anemia, and bleeding disorders. Therefore, phenylbutazone should be used cautiously and under close monitoring to avoid this complication. Aspirin, Colchicine, Ibuprofen, and Acetaminophen are not typically associated with causing bone marrow depression as a side effect.
Question 2 of 4
The nurse practitioner has written a number of stat orders for drugs to treat a patient on the medical-surgical unit who has suffered an acute anaphylactic reaction with hives and bronchospasm during infusion of an IV antibiotic. Which priority drug would the nurse administer first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis due to its rapid action in reversing bronchospasm, vasodilation, and hypotension. It acts on alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors to constrict blood vessels, relax bronchial smooth muscle, and increase cardiac output. Steroids (A) and diphenhydramine (D) are adjuncts to manage inflammation and histamine release but are not immediate lifesaving measures. Dopamine (B) is used for hypotension but is not the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis.
Question 3 of 4
A patient states during a medical history that he takes several acetaminophen tablets throughout the day for acute pain. The nurse teaches the patient that the dosage should not exceed which amount?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acetaminophen is a commonly used analgesic and antipyretic, but excessive doses can lead to severe liver damage. The maximum recommended daily dose for adults is 4 grams (4000 mg). Exceeding this limit increases the risk of hepatotoxicity, which can be life-threatening. Nurses should educate patients about the importance of adhering to the recommended dosage and checking the acetaminophen content in over-the-counter medications to avoid accidental overdose. This teaching is critical for patient safety and preventing adverse outcomes.
Question 4 of 4
The nurse is aware that the patients who are allergic to intravenous contrast media are usually also allergic to which of the following products?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shellfish allergy is a common indicator of potential hypersensitivity to iodinated contrast media due to the shared allergen, iodine. Patients with shellfish allergies should be screened carefully before receiving contrast media. Allergies to eggs, soy, and acidic fruits are not directly related to contrast media reactions.