Which of the following is a major determinant of health in a community?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Social and economic factors. This is because social and economic factors play a significant role in determining the overall health of a community. These factors include income, education, employment, access to resources, social support, and living conditions. They influence individuals' ability to make healthy choices and access healthcare services. Individual health behaviors (A) are influenced by social and economic factors, making them secondary determinants. Health care access (B) is important but not the primary determinant of health in a community. Genetic predisposition (D) plays a role in individual health outcomes but is not a major determinant at the community level.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Providing contraceptive education in schools. This strategy is most effective because it equips teens with knowledge and resources to make informed decisions about their sexual health. Contraceptive education can help prevent unintended pregnancies by teaching teens about different contraceptive methods and how to use them effectively. It empowers them to take control of their reproductive health. Summary: - Choice B (Promoting abstinence programs) may not be as effective as it relies solely on abstaining from sexual activity, which may not always be realistic for all teens. - Choice C (Offering pregnancy tests) is reactive rather than proactive in preventing teen pregnancy. - Choice D (Encouraging parents to talk to their teens) is important but may not reach all teens or provide them with the comprehensive information they need.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increasing access to health care services. This is a key factor in reducing health disparities because it addresses the underlying issue of unequal access to healthcare resources. By increasing access, individuals in the community can receive timely and appropriate medical care, leading to better health outcomes. The other choices, while important, focus on individual behaviors or specific health aspects, rather than tackling the systemic issue of unequal access to healthcare. Educating about healthy habits and promoting physical activity are valuable but may not address the root cause of disparities. Providing mental health services is crucial but may not be the most effective solution to reducing overall health disparities in a community.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent the onset of diseases and promote health in individuals who have not yet developed any health problems. Vaccinating children against preventable diseases is an example of primary prevention as it helps to protect them from contracting these diseases in the first place. By immunizing children, public health efforts can reduce the spread of infectious diseases and prevent outbreaks. Teaching individuals how to manage chronic conditions (Choice A) is an example of secondary prevention, aimed at managing existing health issues. Screening for early signs of disease (Choice B) falls under secondary prevention as well, focusing on early detection and treatment. Providing hospice care for terminally ill patients (Choice D) is an example of tertiary prevention, which focuses on improving quality of life in individuals with advanced diseases.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: A decrease in the number of individuals who smoke. This measure directly reflects the effectiveness of the smoking cessation program in achieving its goal of reducing smoking rates. Decreasing the number of individuals who smoke indicates a positive impact on behavior change. Incorrect choices: A: Increased awareness about the dangers of smoking - While awareness is important, it does not directly measure the success of the program in helping individuals quit smoking. C: Increased participation in the program - Participation does not necessarily translate to successful cessation of smoking. D: Increased use of nicotine replacement therapy - While this may indicate some individuals are trying to quit, it does not guarantee successful cessation or long-term behavior change.