ATI RN
Hematological System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is a lympho-morphologic change in reactive states?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increase in cytoplasm relative to the nucleus. In reactive states, lymphocytes undergo activation and proliferation, leading to an increase in cytoplasm as they synthesize proteins and organelles for cell division. This change is a characteristic feature of lympho-morphologic alterations in reactive states. A: Decrease in cytoplasm relative to the nucleus is incorrect because lymphocytes need to increase their cytoplasmic volume during activation. C: Increase in nucleus relative to the cytoplasm is incorrect as lymphocytes typically increase their cytoplasmic volume during proliferation. D: Decrease in size is incorrect because lymphocytes typically enlarge during activation and proliferation.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is a vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor?.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Stuart Prower factor, also known as Factor X. This coagulation factor is dependent on vitamin K for its synthesis. Vitamin K is essential for the post-translational modification of certain coagulation factors, including Factor X. Thromboplastin (A) is not a coagulation factor, but rather a tissue factor involved in the initiation of coagulation. Hageman factor (C) is Factor XII, which is not vitamin K-dependent. Proaccelerin (D) is also known as Factor V and is not vitamin K-dependent. In summary, only Stuart Prower factor (Factor X) is a vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor among the choices provided.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is admitted to determine why red blood cells are being quickly destructed in the body. What finding should the nurse associate with this patient's health problem?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Jaundice. Jaundice is a yellowing of the skin and eyes due to an excess of bilirubin, a byproduct of red blood cell breakdown. In this case, rapid destruction of red blood cells leads to an increased production of bilirubin, causing jaundice. Bleeding (B) is not directly related to red blood cell destruction. Diarrhea (C) and cyanosis (D) are not typically associated with red blood cell destruction.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient having a bone marrow biopsy. What nursing action is the most important following the biopsy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Observe for bleeding. After a bone marrow biopsy, the most important nursing action is to monitor for bleeding, as the patient is at risk for hemorrhage due to the invasive nature of the procedure. Observing for bleeding includes assessing the dressing, vital signs, and the puncture site for any signs of hematoma or excessive bleeding. Encouraging oral fluids (B) helps prevent dehydration but is not the most critical post-biopsy action. Administering an analgesic (C) for pain is important for patient comfort but does not address the immediate risk of bleeding. Monitoring for infection (D) is important but is not the priority immediately following the biopsy.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is prescribed to receive 2 units of packed red blood cells. What approach should the nurse use to ensure that the correct blood will be provided to this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C Rationale: 1. Following the organization's verification process ensures accuracy in blood transfusion. 2. This process involves multiple checks to confirm the correct blood for the patient. 3. Checking the patient's arm band (A) and medical record order (B) are initial steps but may not guarantee accuracy. 4. Assuming correct blood was provided (D) is risky and can lead to serious consequences.