Which of the following is a likely cause of metabolic acidosis with a large anion gap?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: An increased anion gap metabolic acidosis is caused by acid accumulation, such as in salicylate toxicity, where excess acids like lactate and ketones contribute to the gap.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Studies show that individuals with ASD often exhibit a diffuse increase in brain size during early development, although this finding is not universal.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Hypoplastic left heart syndrome leads to early heart failure due to an underdeveloped left ventricle and systemic hypoperfusion.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Surfactant therapy reduces the risk of pneumothorax and mortality but does not significantly reduce BPD rates. The other options are benefits of surfactant therapy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Frequent beta-agonist use can cause tremors, irritability, tachycardia, and hypokalemia, but bradycardia is not a common side effect.