Which of the following is a genetic disorder that causes thick, sticky mucus to build up in the lungs and digestive system, leading to severe respiratory and digestive problems?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cystic fibrosis. This genetic disorder is characterized by the buildup of thick, sticky mucus in the lungs and digestive system. Step 1: Cystic fibrosis specifically mentions the thick, sticky mucus, which is a key characteristic of the disorder. Step 2: Pulmonary fibrosis is a different condition where lung tissue becomes scarred and stiff. Step 3: Pulmonary edema is the accumulation of fluid in the lungs, not mucus. Step 4: Bronchiectasis is a condition where the airways in the lungs become damaged and widened, not specifically related to thick mucus buildup.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cardiomyopathy. Cardiomyopathy refers to a condition where the heart muscle is weakened and unable to pump blood effectively, leading to heart failure. This is because the heart muscle becomes enlarged, thickened, or stiff, affecting its ability to pump blood efficiently. Incorrect choices: B: Myocarditis - Myocarditis is inflammation of the heart muscle, not necessarily associated with weakening of the heart muscle leading to heart failure. C: Endocarditis - Endocarditis is inflammation of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves, not directly related to the weakening of the heart muscle. D: Pericarditis - Pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardium (the outer lining of the heart), and does not directly involve the weakening of the heart muscle.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Aortic dissection. This condition involves a tear in the inner layer of the aorta, leading to severe pain and internal bleeding. The tearing causes blood to flow between the layers of the aortic wall, which can be life-threatening. Aneurysm (B) is the abnormal bulging of a weakened blood vessel, not necessarily involving tearing. Stroke (C) is a brain-related condition, not related to the aorta. Myocardial infarction (D) is a heart attack due to blockage of blood flow to the heart, not directly involving the aorta.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Pericarditis is the inflammation of the pericardium, causing chest pain. 2. Myocarditis is inflammation of the heart muscle, not the pericardium. 3. Endocarditis is inflammation of the inner lining of the heart chambers. 4. Pulmonary hypertension is high blood pressure in the lungs, unrelated to pericardial inflammation. In conclusion, pericarditis is the correct answer as it specifically refers to the inflammation of the pericardium, leading to chest pain.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tachycardia. Tachycardia is a condition where the heart beats too fast, resulting in reduced effectiveness in pumping blood. This occurs when the heart rate exceeds the normal range, impacting the heart's ability to fill and empty properly. Bradycardia (B) is the opposite, where the heart beats too slowly. Arrhythmia (C) refers to an irregular heartbeat pattern, which may or may not involve a fast heart rate. Ventricular fibrillation (D) is a life-threatening arrhythmia where the heart quivers instead of pumping effectively.