ATI RN
Integumentary System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is a function of the arrector pili muscles in the skin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Arrector pili muscles contract to pull hair shafts upright, historically aiding insulation or threat display, though 'ejecting' is imprecise modern texts favor 'generating goosebumps.' Sweat production is glandular, heat generation isn't their role (vasculature handles that), and collagen comes from fibroblasts. Their action on hair shafts, causing piloerection, aligns with this option's intent, making it the closest match despite terminology debate.
Question 2 of 5
Which type of sweat glands are responsible for producing odorless sweat that is primarily composed of water, electrolytes, and waste products?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Eccrine sweat glands produce odorless sweat, mostly water, electrolytes, and waste (e.g., urea), for cooling and excretion, secreted directly to the skin surface. Apocrine glands produce thicker, odorous sweat into hair follicles. Sebaceous glands secrete sebum, not sweat. 'Merocrine' is a synonym for eccrine, but eccrine is the standard term. Their watery, non-odorous output defines their role, making this the correct type.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is a longitudinal incision through eschar and down to subcutaneous tissue?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Escharotomy refers to a surgical procedure where a longitudinal incision is made through eschar, which is the thick, leathery dead tissue formed after a severe burn, down to the subcutaneous tissue to relieve pressure and restore blood flow. This is commonly performed in cases of full-thickness burns that cause constriction. Dehiscence, on the other hand, is the unintended splitting open of a wound, often post-surgery, and does not involve an intentional incision. Transection means cutting across something, not specifically through eschar or to subcutaneous levels in this context. Escharotic's procedure is not a recognized medical term; it seems to be a distractor or a misspelling. Therefore, escharotomy is the precise term for this procedure, making it the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following matches the definition: The loss of circulatory fluids into interstitial spaces?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypovolemia refers to a decrease in blood volume, often due to the loss of circulatory fluids (like plasma) into interstitial spaces, as seen in conditions like burns or shock, where fluid shifts out of the vascular system. Necrosis is tissue death, not fluid loss. Eschar is dead, leathery tissue from burns, unrelated to fluid dynamics in this context. Maceration is skin softening from moisture, not circulatory fluid loss. Hypovolemia directly relates to the loss of fluid from circulation into interstitial areas, causing reduced blood volume, making it the correct term.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is a disease characterized by hyperactive sebaceous glands and often associated with dandruff?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Seborrhea, or seborrheic dermatitis, is a condition marked by overactive sebaceous glands, leading to oily skin and flaky scales, often linked to dandruff on the scalp. Keloids are raised scars, not gland-related. Eczema involves dry, itchy skin without specific sebaceous hyperactivity. Urticaria is hives, an allergic reaction. Seborrhea's association with excessive sebum production and its common presentation as dandruff make it the correct match for the described condition.