ATI RN
Pediatric Musculoskeletal Assessment Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is a cause of metabolic acidosis with normal anion gap?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diarrhea causes normal anion gap metabolic acidosis due to bicarbonate loss, unlike the others with elevated gaps.
Question 2 of 5
Brown nits located on the proximal hair shaft suggest active infestation. White nits located on the hair shaft 4 \mathrm{~cm} or farther from the scalp indicate previous infestation. Because nonviable nits can remain stuck in the hair for weeks to months after an infestation has resolved, many children with nits do not have active lice infestation.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Brown nits near the scalp indicate active lice laying eggs, while white nits farther out suggest a past, resolved infestation.
Question 3 of 5
Common fracture patterns that should increase the index of suspicion of child abuse include all the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Toddler's fractures are common accidental injuries in young children, unlike the others which are more suggestive of abuse.
Question 4 of 5
A 6-year-old child presented with acute onset of pain in the groin and anterior thigh, he gives history of an upper respiratory tract infection in the preceding 10 days. The patient is afebrile, walks with a painful limp, and has normal white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Transient synovitis is a common, self-limiting condition post-viral infection, matching the presentation and normal labs.
Question 5 of 5
The MOST common cause of in-toeing in a child younger than 2 years old is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metatarsus adductus is the most frequent cause of in-toeing in children under 2, typically benign and positional.