Which of the following increases the risk of infection in older adults?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Catheter use. Older adults are more prone to infections due to weakened immune systems. Catheter use increases the risk of urinary tract infections in this population. Thicker skin (A) actually reduces infection risk. Higher fluid intake (B) and stronger appetite (C) are beneficial for overall health but do not directly increase infection risk.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Extreme fatigue. Women experiencing a heart attack may have atypical symptoms like extreme fatigue, rather than the typical chest pain. This is due to differences in how heart attack symptoms manifest in women compared to men. Extreme fatigue can be a warning sign of a heart attack in women. Other choices are incorrect because chest pain is a common symptom in both men and women during a heart attack, anxiety and a sense of doom can be present but are not specific to women, and low blood pressure is not a common symptom of a heart attack.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it demonstrates respect for the resident's privacy and autonomy. By knocking and waiting for permission before entering the room, the nursing assistant acknowledges the resident's personal space and preferences. This action promotes a sense of dignity and control for the resident. Choice A is incorrect as it goes against the principle of providing assistance and support to the resident. Choice C is incorrect as rearranging personal items without permission can be intrusive and disrespectful. Choice D is incorrect as ignoring safety hazards jeopardizes the resident's well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Standing slightly in front of the resident. This position allows the nursing assistant to guide and support the resident effectively while also being able to anticipate any obstacles or hazards ahead. Being in front enables clear communication and helps the resident feel more secure. B: Standing slightly behind the resident can be dangerous as the nursing assistant may not be able to provide immediate assistance if the resident stumbles or needs help. C: Standing a few feet off to the side may not provide enough support and guidance for the visually impaired resident, increasing the risk of accidents. D: Sitting in a chair in front of the resident is not appropriate as the nursing assistant needs to be in a position to actively assist the resident during walking.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Take the resident's temperature. This is the appropriate action because measuring the resident's temperature is the most accurate way to confirm if they have a fever. Other choices are incorrect because giving medication without proper assessment can be harmful (A), asking how the resident feels may not provide objective data (C), and measuring pulse rate does not directly indicate fever presence (D).