Which of the following increases the risk of infection in older adults?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Catheter use. Catheters can introduce bacteria into the urinary tract, leading to infections in older adults. Older adults may have weakened immune systems, making them more susceptible to infections. Thicker skin (A) does not directly increase infection risk. Higher intake of fluids (B) and stronger appetite (C) are actually beneficial for preventing infections by promoting hydration and proper nutrition.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Extreme fatigue. Women often experience atypical symptoms during a heart attack, such as extreme fatigue, which may be mistaken for other conditions. This is due to differences in how heart attack symptoms manifest in women compared to men. Extreme fatigue can be a warning sign of a heart attack in women, and it is important to recognize this symptom to seek prompt medical attention. The other choices are incorrect because normal breathing, anxiety, and low blood pressure are not specifically associated with heart attack symptoms in women.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it demonstrates respect for the resident's privacy and autonomy. By knocking and waiting for permission before entering the room, the nursing assistant acknowledges the resident's personal space and right to control who enters. This action promotes a sense of dignity and respect for the resident's boundaries. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. A: Allowing the resident to clean the room himself may not be respectful as it can be physically demanding and may not align with the resident's abilities or preferences. C: Rearranging the resident's personal items without permission violates their privacy and autonomy, and may cause distress or confusion. D: Ignoring safety hazards in the room goes against the duty of care and responsibility to ensure the resident's safety and well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Standing slightly in front of the resident. This position allows the nursing assistant to provide guidance and support while also being able to anticipate obstacles and ensure the resident's safety. Being in front enables the assistant to communicate effectively, maintain eye contact, and offer verbal cues. Standing behind (B) may cause the resident to feel unsupported and anxious. Standing off to the side (C) may not provide adequate assistance. Sitting in a chair in front (D) would hinder the assistant's ability to promptly react to any potential hazards.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Take the resident's temperature. This is important to accurately determine if the resident has a fever. Measuring temperature is a direct and objective way to confirm the presence of a fever. Giving medication (A) without confirming the fever can be dangerous. Asking how the resident is feeling (C) may not provide accurate information. Measuring the pulse rate (D) is not a direct way to confirm a fever.