Which of the following identifies skin from a cadaver used in a burn graft?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: An allograft is skin grafted from a donor of the same species, such as cadaver skin used in burn treatment, often as a temporary cover. A homograft is a similar term but less commonly used in modern medical contexts. An autograft is skin from the patient's own body, not a cadaver. A xenograft is from a different species (e.g., pig skin). Since the question specifies cadaver skin (human donor), allograft is the precise term for this type of graft in burn care, making it the correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hair types in humans vary by developmental stage and location. The reference to Rapunzel's long hair evokes an image of prominent, mature hair, likely scalp hair. Axillary hair grows in the armpits, not typically long or fairy-tale-like. Lanugo is fine, soft hair on fetuses, shed before or shortly after birth, not long or durable. Definitive hair refers to terminal hair coarse, pigmented hair like that on the scalp, eyebrows, or beard which replaces vellus hair (fine, short hair) during development and fits the context of long, strong hair. Angora, a rabbit breed or wool type, is irrelevant to human hair. Scalp hair, as definitive hair, grows long due to extended anagen (growth) phases, often reaching lengths associated with Rapunzel's legendary tresses. This hair type's permanence and prominence in adults align with the literary allusion, distinguishing it from temporary or unrelated hair forms.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The integument performs diverse physiological roles. It eliminates salts, urea, and uric acid through sweat, a minor excretory function alongside the kidneys. It absorbs fat-soluble vitamins (e.g., A, D, E, K), steroids, and toxins through its lipid-rich layers, as seen in transdermal drug delivery. The hypodermis stores lipids as adipose tissue, providing energy and insulation. However, the skin does not synthesize proteins and carbohydrates. It produces keratin (a protein) and vitamin D (a sterol), but this involves assembly from dietary precursors, not de novo carbohydrate or protein synthesis, which occurs in the liver or muscles. Keratin forms via epidermal differentiation, not true synthesis, and carbohydrates are not made in skin cells. This limitation reflects the integument's specialized roles protection, sensation, and minor excretion versus metabolic organs' broader synthetic capacities, making this the impossible function among the options.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Eccrine sweat glands are distributed across the body's skin surface and produce a watery sweat composed of water, salts, and urea, primarily for thermoregulation by cooling the body through evaporation. They are not associated with hair (unlike apocrine glands), ruling out that option. Sebum is an oily secretion from sebaceous glands, not eccrine glands. While sweat hydrates the skin slightly, 'acting as a moisturizer' isn't their primary function, which is temperature control. Their widespread presence and watery output distinguish eccrine glands as key players in sweating, aligning perfectly with this description.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Skin cancers, like melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma, are strongly linked to UV exposure from the sun, and limiting this exposure (via sunscreen, clothing, or shade) reduces risk significantly. They're not always easily treatable melanoma can be deadly if it metastasizes. Poor hygiene doesn't cause skin cancer; it's unrelated to UV-induced DNA damage. They don't affect only the epidermis; advanced cases invade the dermis and beyond. Public health data supports sun protection as a proven preventive measure, making this the most accurate statement.