ATI RN
First Aid Cardiovascular Drugs Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following hypnotics is preferred in patients with limited hepatic function?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Zolpidem. Zolpidem is preferred in patients with limited hepatic function because it undergoes minimal hepatic metabolism, making it less dependent on liver function for elimination. This reduces the risk of drug accumulation and potential toxicity in patients with hepatic impairment. Amobarbital (B), Flurazepam (C), and Pentobarbital (D) are all barbiturates that are extensively metabolized in the liver. Therefore, they are not preferred in patients with limited hepatic function as their metabolism can be impaired, leading to increased drug levels and potential toxicity.
Question 2 of 5
The main reason for avoiding the combined administration of levodopa and an inhibitor of both forms of monoamine oxidase is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypertensive emergency. When levodopa is combined with an inhibitor of both forms of monoamine oxidase, it can lead to an excessive buildup of catecholamines, causing a hypertensive crisis due to the potentiation of sympathetic effects. This can result in severe hypertension, which can lead to a hypertensive emergency characterized by organ damage and potentially life-threatening complications. Respiratory depression (choice A), acute psychotic reactions (choice C), and cardiovascular collapse and CNS depression (choice D) are not the main risks associated with the combined administration of levodopa and MAO inhibitors.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following metabolic alterations may be associated with chronic alcohol abuse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Severe loss of potassium and magnesium. Chronic alcohol abuse can lead to gastrointestinal issues, causing malabsorption of essential nutrients like potassium and magnesium. This can result in electrolyte imbalances, leading to severe loss of these minerals. Hyperglycemia (A) is not typically associated with chronic alcohol abuse. Increased serum phosphate (B) levels are not commonly seen with alcohol abuse. Decreased serum sodium (D) is not a typical metabolic alteration associated with chronic alcohol abuse.
Question 4 of 5
Phenothiazine derivatives are able to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phenothiazine derivatives are known to block dopamine receptors in the hypothalamus, leading to a decrease in body temperature, causing hypothermia (Choice A). Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because phenothiazines do not directly affect prolactin levels, corticotrophin release, pituitary growth hormone secretion, appetite, or weight. The mechanism of action of phenothiazines specifically targets the dopamine receptors to produce hypothermia.
Question 5 of 5
Sedation,peripheral atropine-like toxicity (e.g. Cycloplegia tachycardia urinary retention and constipation) orthostatic hypotension arrhythmias weight gain and sexual disturbances are possible adverse effects of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Amitriptyline. Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant known for its anticholinergic properties, leading to peripheral atropine-like toxicity such as cycloplegia, tachycardia, urinary retention, and constipation. It can also cause orthostatic hypotension, arrhythmias, weight gain, and sexual disturbances. Explanation: 1. Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant that exerts anticholinergic effects, leading to peripheral atropine-like toxicity. 2. Anticholinergic effects can cause cycloplegia, tachycardia, urinary retention, and constipation. 3. Additionally, amitriptyline can lead to orthostatic hypotension, arrhythmias, weight gain, and sexual disturbances. Summary of other choices: A: Sertaline - Known for causing fewer anticholinergic side effects compared to tricy