ATI RN
Endocrine System Multiple Choice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following hormones does NOT aid in regulating fuel metabolism?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aldosterone (adrenal) regulates sodium/potassium, not fuel (glucose/fat) electrolyte focus. Insulin lowers glucose, glucagon raises it, cortisol mobilizes fuel (gluconeogenesis, lipolysis) all metabolic. Aldosterone's non-metabolic role distinguishes it, key to fluid balance, unlike glucose/fat-regulating hormones.
Question 2 of 5
Pituitary hormone triggering the male testes to generate sperm and in females, triggering follicular development on a monthly basis is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary stimulates spermatogenesis in testes and follicular growth in ovaries not prolactin (milk), GH (growth), or LH (ovulation/testosterone). This dual reproductive role distinguishes FSH, essential for gametogenesis, a frequent NEET focus contrasting with other pituitary functions.
Question 3 of 5
The group of adrenocortical hormones concerned with electrolyte balance is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mineralocorticoids, like aldosterone from the zona glomerulosa, regulate electrolyte balance (Naâº, Kâº) via kidney reabsorption, maintaining blood pressure. Glucocorticoids (e.g., cortisol) manage glucose metabolism and stress. Androgens (e.g., DHEA) influence secondary sex traits, not electrolytes. Epinephrine/norepinephrine, from the medulla, affect fight-or-flight, not cortical electrolyte roles. Mineralocorticoids' specific ion control distinguishes them, key to fluid homeostasis.
Question 4 of 5
Milk ejection from the mammary glands is assisted by:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Oxytocin, from the posterior pituitary, triggers milk ejection by contracting myoepithelial cells in mammary glands during nursing. Prolactin, anterior pituitary, stimulates milk production, not ejection. Oxygen is a gas, not a hormone. 'Prostate hormone' (likely prostaglandin misnomer) is irrelevant prostate is male-specific. Oxytocin's contractile action distinguishes it, key for lactation, unlike production or non-hormonal factors.
Question 5 of 5
The basal metabolism rate can reflect dysfunction of the:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The thyroid regulates basal metabolic rate (BMR) via thyroxine and T₃, setting energy expenditure. Dysfunction (e.g., hypothyroidism) lowers BMR; hyperthyroidism raises it. Pituitary affects BMR indirectly via TSH, not directly. Parathyroid controls calcium, not metabolism. Adrenal (cortisol) influences glucose, not baseline BMR. Thyroid's direct metabolic impact distinguishes it, critical for energy homeostasis, unlike secondary or unrelated glands.