ATI RN
FHEA Drugs That Affect the Cardiovascular System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following histamine H1 antagonists is a long-acting (up to 24-48 h) antihistamine drug?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Diazoline contains cetirizine, a second-generation antihistamine with a long duration of action. 2. Cetirizine has a half-life of approximately 7-10 hours, providing prolonged relief. 3. Its long-acting nature makes it effective in managing allergies for up to 24-48 hours. 4. Diprazine, Suprastine, and Dimedrol do not contain cetirizine and are not known for their long duration of action. Summary: Diazoline (choice A) is the correct answer as it contains cetirizine, a long-acting antihistamine. Choices B, C, and D do not contain cetirizine and are not known for their extended duration of action.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following consideration about type I familial hyperlipoproteinemia is True:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Type I familial hyperlipoproteinemia is characterized by increased chylomicrons and triglycerides in the serum, which decrease with a fat-free diet. 2. High- and low-density lipoproteins decrease with a fat-free diet, contrary to other types of hyperlipoproteinemia. 3. Tissue lipoprotein lipase activity is decreased in type I familial hyperlipoproteinemia. 4. Other choices are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the characteristics and pathophysiology of type I familial hyperlipoproteinemia. Summary: Choice A is correct as it aligns with the hallmark features of type I familial hyperlipoproteinemia. Choices B, C, and D contain inaccuracies regarding the lipid profile, genetic basis, and response to dietary changes in this condition.
Question 3 of 5
Action of the parathyroid hormone is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the parathyroid hormone (PTH) has multiple functions in the body. A: PTH increases calcium and phosphate absorption in the intestine by stimulating the production of active vitamin D. B: PTH decreases calcium excretion and increases phosphate excretion in the kidneys, helping to maintain serum calcium levels. C: In bone, PTH increases calcium and phosphate resorption at high doses and may increase bone formation at low doses. Therefore, all of the above statements are true, making D the correct choice.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the oral calcium preparations is often the preparation of choice:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Calcium carbonate. It is often the preparation of choice due to its high calcium content (40%). This means that a smaller dose can provide the required amount of elemental calcium compared to other options. Additionally, calcium carbonate is well-absorbed in an acidic environment, making it suitable for individuals with normal gastric acid production. Incorrect choices: B: Calcium lactate has a lower calcium content (13%) compared to calcium carbonate, requiring a higher dose to achieve the same calcium intake. C: Calcium phosphate has a lower calcium content (25%) compared to calcium carbonate, making it less efficient in providing elemental calcium. D: Calcium citrate has a lower calcium content (17%) compared to calcium carbonate and is better absorbed in individuals with low gastric acid production. However, in general, calcium carbonate is preferred for its higher calcium content and cost-effectiveness.
Question 5 of 5
Acetazolamide (Diamox) acts at this nephron site:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acetazolamide inhibits carbonic anhydrase in the proximal convoluted tubule, leading to decreased bicarbonate reabsorption and subsequent diuresis. This mechanism occurs at the site of action for the drug, making choice A the correct answer. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because acetazolamide does not act directly at these sites within the nephron.