Which of the following groups is pressuring clinicians the most to use evidence-based practice (EBP)?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administrators. Administrators are the group that typically sets policies, guidelines, and expectations within healthcare settings, including the adoption of evidence-based practice (EBP) to improve patient outcomes and quality of care. They have the authority to enforce compliance and allocate resources for EBP implementation. Nurses (C) and physicians (D) may be encouraged to use EBP, but administrators have more influence in driving its adoption. Insurance companies (B) may incentivize EBP through reimbursement policies, but they do not have direct control over clinicians' practice decisions like administrators do.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Reminding clients via telephone, e-mail, or mail. This option directly addresses the issue of increasing attendance by actively reminding individuals of their screening appointments, which can significantly improve compliance rates. By proactively reaching out through various communication channels, it increases the likelihood of individuals showing up for their appointments. Other choices are incorrect because: B: Emphasizing long life and happy family may not directly address the issue of attendance and may not be a strong motivator for everyone. C: Pointing out cost and convenience is important but may not be sufficient to motivate individuals to attend their appointments. D: Stressing dangerousness of the condition can induce fear, but fear-based messaging may not always be effective in influencing behavior positively.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Colleagues lacking skills in searching literature or critiquing research can hinder the nurse's efforts to increase evidence-based practice. 2. Lack of research skills can lead to difficulty in finding and evaluating relevant evidence. 3. This barrier directly impacts the nurse's ability to enhance the evidence base of practice in the agency. Summary: B: Dedication to history and tradition does not necessarily impede evidence-based practice; in fact, it can be complementary. C: While a lack of research in the clinical area is a challenge, it is not a barrier that prevents the nurse from actively seeking evidence. D: Inconsistent meta-analyses can present challenges, but they do not directly impede the nurse's efforts to increase the evidence base through literature review and critique.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because assessing the degree to which the results relate to a specific population is essential in determining the applicability of a research article in clinical practice. This helps nurses understand if the findings can be generalized to their patient population. A: While considering the intended audience is important, it does not directly relate to the applicability of the research findings. C: Assessing the accuracy or credibility of the research is crucial, but it does not solely determine the applicability of the research to a specific population. D: Understanding the purpose of the research is important, but it may not directly address whether the results are applicable to a specific population.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Intervention. In a PICOT question, the intervention refers to the treatment or exposure being studied. In this case, "zinc supplementation" is the specific intervention being compared to vitamin C supplementation. The population refers to the group being studied, which is adult men in this question. The comparison is the alternative to the intervention being studied, which is vitamin C supplementation in this case. The outcome is the result or effect of the intervention, which in this question is reducing the length of respiratory viral infections over six months. So, "zinc supplementation" falls under the intervention component of the PICOT question.