Which of the following group of terms best describes the nursing process?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. The nursing process is patient-centered, systematic, and outcomes-oriented. This means it focuses on the individual's needs, follows a structured approach with specific steps (assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation), and aims to achieve positive outcomes. Option A is incorrect because it includes medical terminology which is not a defining characteristic of the nursing process. Option B is incorrect as it mentions nurse-centered and single focus, which do not capture the holistic and patient-centered nature of the nursing process. Option D is incorrect as it describes a single point in time and intuitive approach, which are not reflective of the systematic and ongoing nature of the nursing process.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct term for nurses visiting selected patients individually at the beginning of each shift is "nursing care rounds" (Choice D). This term refers to the systematic process of nurses assessing and discussing patient care needs. Nursing care conferences (Choice A) involve a group discussion, not individual visits. Staff visits (Choice B) are too general and do not specifically refer to nurses visiting patients. Interdisciplinary referrals (Choice C) involve involving multiple healthcare disciplines, not just nurses visiting patients individually. Therefore, Choice D is the correct answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: master's degree. To become a geriatric nurse practitioner, Amy will need to attain a master's degree in nursing. This advanced degree provides the specialized knowledge and skills required to work as a nurse practitioner specializing in geriatric care. A licensed practical nurse (A) and an associate degree (B) are not sufficient for this specialized role. While a baccalaureate degree (C) is a higher level of education than an associate degree, it is still not advanced enough to become a nurse practitioner specializing in geriatrics.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: protection from harm. Informed consent ensures that patients are aware of the potential risks and benefits of participating in a study and that they are protected from harm. This includes measures to minimize risks and ensure their safety throughout the study. Confidentiality (A) is important but not directly related to informed consent. Free medical care (B) is not a guaranteed right in research studies and is not a component of informed consent. Refusal to participate (C) is generally a right granted through informed consent, but the primary focus is on protecting participants from harm.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Risk factors are characteristics or conditions that increase the likelihood of illness or injury. Step 2: When there is an increase in risk factors, the probability of developing an illness or injury also increases. Step 3: Therefore, statement C, "An increase in risk factors increases the possibility of illness," is accurate. Step 4: Choice A is incorrect because risk factors are indeed related to the person or event. Step 5: Choice B is incorrect as not all risk factors are modifiable; some are genetic or environmental. Step 6: Choice D is also incorrect as a family history of breast cancer is a non-modifiable risk factor.