ATI RN
Basic Care of Dying Patient Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following findings is most concerning in a patient with chest pain?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Shortness of breath and diaphoresis are concerning symptoms in a patient with chest pain as they may indicate a serious cardiac event like a heart attack. Shortness of breath suggests possible heart or lung involvement, while diaphoresis (excessive sweating) can be a sign of significant stress on the body. These symptoms warrant immediate medical attention to rule out life-threatening conditions. Choice A, a burning sensation after eating, is more suggestive of acid reflux or indigestion and is not typically associated with acute cardiac issues. Choice B, pain that improves with rest, is more indicative of musculoskeletal or non-cardiac causes of chest pain. Choice D, pain that worsens with palpation, is more likely related to musculoskeletal or chest wall issues rather than a cardiac emergency.
Question 2 of 5
Your adult female postpartum patient delivered her newborn with the assistance of her husband five minutes prior to your arrival on the scene. The infant's Apgar score is 10, and the baby seems to be fine. However, the mother continues to bleed heavily after an adequate fundal massage and encouraging the infant to breastfeed. Her current heart rate is 125 bpm; her blood pressure is 108/60, and she is breathing 22 times a minute with an SpO2 of 97. After ensuring a second infant is not present, which of the following interventions would medical command most likely recommend?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because administering oxytocin infusion is the most appropriate intervention for postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine atony, which is a common cause of excessive bleeding after delivery. Oxytocin helps to stimulate uterine contractions, which will help control the bleeding by reducing the size of the blood vessels at the placental site. This intervention is evidence-based and recommended in postpartum hemorrhage management protocols. Other choices are incorrect because: A: Packing the vagina is not indicated unless there is active vaginal bleeding that cannot be controlled by other methods. B: Administering lactated Ringer's solution at a rapid rate is not the first-line treatment for postpartum hemorrhage. C: Trendelenburg position and a fluid bolus of normal saline are not recommended as they can increase the risk of fluid overload and do not address the underlying cause of the bleeding. In summary, administering oxytocin infusion is the most appropriate intervention to manage post
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following patients best fits the criteria for a critical burn?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a 10-year-old patient with superficial burns over 60% of the body is considered a critical burn due to the extent of body surface area involved and the age of the patient. Young children have less physiological reserve and are more prone to fluid loss and complications. Superficial burns over a large body surface area can lead to significant fluid loss, electrolyte imbalances, and potential systemic complications. Choice B is incorrect as full-thickness burns are more severe than superficial burns, but the extent of burns on the left upper/lower arm is limited compared to Choice A. Choice C is incorrect because although the patient has partial-thickness burns over 25% of the body, the age of the patient is not as critical as in Choice A. Choice D is incorrect for the same reasons as Choice C; the extent of burns is similar but the age of the patient is different, and the patient's age is a crucial factor in determining the severity of burns.
Question 4 of 5
What is the name of the legal document in which an individual specifies what medical treatments should and should not be done for him in the event he is unable to make his own medical care decisions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: An advanced directive. This legal document allows an individual to specify their preferences for medical treatments in case they are unable to make decisions. It includes instructions on what treatments to receive or avoid. A DNR order (choice A) specifically pertains to resuscitation preferences only. A will (choice B) outlines the distribution of assets after death, not medical care decisions. Personal directive (choice D) is not a commonly used term for this type of legal document.
Question 5 of 5
A young man sustains a gunshot wound to the abdomen. The definitive treatment in managing this patient is to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Control internal hemorrhage operatively. In cases of gunshot wounds to the abdomen, the priority is to control internal bleeding through surgical intervention. This is crucial to prevent hypovolemic shock and potential complications. Administering O-negative blood (choice A) is important for resuscitation but is not the definitive treatment. Applying external warming devices (choice B) is not the primary concern in this scenario. Using a pneumatic antishock garment (PASG) (choice D) may be used in some cases but is not the definitive treatment for managing internal hemorrhage. Operating to control the bleeding is essential for the patient's survival.