ATI RN
basic geriatric nursing 6th edition test bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following factors contributes the most to aging-related cognitive decline?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Lack of physical exercise contributes the most to aging-related cognitive decline. Regular physical exercise increases blood flow to the brain, promotes neurogenesis, and enhances cognitive function. It also reduces the risk of developing conditions such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Chronic stress (A) can impact cognitive function, but it is not the primary factor in aging-related decline. Poor nutrition (B) can negatively affect brain health, but exercise has a more significant impact. Social isolation (C) is also detrimental to cognitive health, but physical exercise has been shown to have a more substantial influence on cognitive decline in aging individuals.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse prepares an older woman, who is Polish, for discharge through an interpreter and notes that she becomes tense during the instructions about elimination. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it directly addresses the older woman's emotional response to the instructions, showing empathy and understanding. By asking how she feels, the nurse can uncover any concerns or fears she may have, leading to effective communication and tailored support. Moving on to medication (A) ignores the woman's distress, potentially worsening the situation. Instructing the interpreter to repeat instructions (C) may not address the underlying issue. Having the woman repeat instructions (D) does not acknowledge her emotional state and may not resolve her tension.
Question 3 of 5
All of the following conditions except___ can cause renal failure, especially in the older adult.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Ingesting excessive acetaminophen can lead to liver damage, not renal failure. Diabetes mellitus, prostate hypertrophy causing urinary obstruction, and heart failure are known to cause renal failure due to their effects on kidney function. Diabetic nephropathy can damage the kidneys over time, prostate hypertrophy can obstruct urine flow and lead to kidney damage, and heart failure can result in decreased blood flow to the kidneys, causing renal failure. Thus, D is the correct answer as it does not directly cause renal failure, unlike the other choices.
Question 4 of 5
What is the primary factor contributing to medication nonadherence in older adults?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Complicated medication regimens. Older adults often have multiple medical conditions requiring several medications, leading to confusion and difficulty in following complex regimens. This complexity increases the likelihood of medication nonadherence. Lack of health literacy (A) may contribute but is not the primary factor. High cost of medications (B) and limited access to healthcare providers (C) are important barriers, but they are not as directly linked to nonadherence as the complexity of medication regimens.
Question 5 of 5
What is the most common type of vision impairment in older adults?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cataracts. Cataracts are the most common type of vision impairment in older adults due to the clouding of the eye's lens. As people age, proteins in the lens can clump together, leading to vision issues. Glaucoma (B) is characterized by damage to the optic nerve, AMD (C) affects the macula in the retina, and diabetic retinopathy (D) is a complication of diabetes affecting blood vessels in the retina. However, cataracts are the primary cause of vision impairment in older adults due to the natural aging process of the eye.