ATI RN
Vital Signs Assessment ATI Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following examples represents an objective finding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because a temperature of 101°F is a measurable and quantifiable observation. Objective findings are based on measurable data, such as vital signs or lab results, that can be observed and verified. In contrast, choices A, B, and D are subjective findings based on the patient's feelings or reports, which can be influenced by various factors and are not easily quantifiable. Therefore, choice C is the only objective finding among the options provided.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is performing a musculoskeletal assessment and notes that the patient has crepitus in the knee joint. What does this finding most likely indicate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The presence of crepitus in the knee joint during a musculoskeletal assessment is most likely indicative of osteoarthritis. Crepitus is a sensation or sound that occurs when roughened joint surfaces rub together, which is a common symptom of osteoarthritis. In this condition, the cartilage between the joints wears down, leading to friction and the characteristic crepitus sound. Other choices like joint fluid accumulation (A), rheumatoid arthritis (C), and gout (D) do not typically manifest with crepitus as a prominent symptom. Therefore, choice B, osteoarthritis, is the most appropriate answer based on the given information.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is assessing a patient for signs of dehydration. Which finding is most indicative of dehydration?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Dry mouth and tongue. Dehydration leads to reduced fluid intake or excessive fluid loss, resulting in decreased saliva production leading to dry mouth and tongue. This is a direct indicator of dehydration. A: Moist mucous membranes are a sign of adequate hydration. B: Increased skin turgor is a sign of dehydration but not as direct as dry mouth and tongue. D: Bounding pulse can be seen in various conditions, not specific to dehydration.
Question 4 of 5
A 60-year-old woman presents with complaints of difficulty swallowing and weight loss. On examination, she has a palpable mass in the left upper abdomen. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most likely diagnosis for a 60-year-old woman with difficulty swallowing, weight loss, and a palpable mass in the left upper abdomen is pancreatic cancer. Difficulty swallowing can be indicative of compression of the esophagus by the mass. Weight loss is common in pancreatic cancer due to malabsorption and cancer cachexia. A palpable mass in the left upper abdomen corresponds to the location of the pancreas. Pancreatic cancer commonly presents with these symptoms and signs. Gastric ulcer (B) typically presents with abdominal pain, bloating, and nausea. Cirrhosis (C) usually presents with symptoms related to liver dysfunction such as jaundice and ascites. Cholecystitis (D) presents with right upper quadrant abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting.
Question 5 of 5
A 60-year-old woman presents with a complaint of painful and swollen joints in her hands, especially in the morning. She also reports stiffness that lasts for over an hour. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most likely diagnosis is Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA commonly presents with painful, swollen joints in the hands, particularly in the morning, along with prolonged stiffness. The autoimmune nature of RA causes inflammation, leading to these symptoms. Osteoarthritis (A) typically presents with joint pain that worsens with activity but improves with rest, not specifically in the morning. Gout (C) usually involves sudden, severe pain in a single joint, not multiple joints in the morning. Systemic lupus erythematosus (D) is characterized by a variety of symptoms beyond joint pain, such as skin rashes and fatigue, making it less likely in this case.