ATI RN
Rn Vital Signs Assessment ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following examples best represents information gathered during the 'history of present illness'?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it provides specific information related to the patient's current condition. The 'history of present illness' focuses on the patient's chief complaint, including symptoms, duration, severity, and exacerbating factors. Choice A is about the patient's family history, not the current illness. Choice B refers to past medical history, not the current illness. Choice D is a vital sign measurement, which is important but not directly related to the patient's current symptoms. Therefore, choice C best represents information gathered during the 'history of present illness' as it describes the patient's current symptom pattern.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is auscultating heart sounds and notes a third heart sound (S3) in an adult. What condition is this most likely associated with?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The presence of a third heart sound (S3) in an adult is most commonly associated with heart failure. This sound occurs during early diastole when the ventricles are resistant to filling due to increased volume. In heart failure, the ventricles are often dilated and have impaired function, leading to the S3 sound. Aortic stenosis (B) typically presents with a systolic murmur, not an S3 sound. Mitral valve regurgitation (C) may present with a murmur but not typically an S3 sound. Pulmonary embolism (D) is associated with symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and tachycardia, not an S3 sound.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is assessing a patient's mental status and asks the patient to remember three words and repeat them after five minutes. Which aspect of memory is being tested?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Recent memory. This test assesses the ability to retain and recall information over a short period, typically within minutes. Immediate memory (choice C) refers to the ability to hold information briefly in the mind, but the question specifically mentions a delay of five minutes. Long-term memory (choice B) involves remembering information over a longer period. Remote memory (choice D) refers to the recall of information from the distant past, not recent events. By testing the patient's ability to remember and repeat three words after five minutes, the nurse is evaluating the patient's recent memory function.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is auscultating the lungs and hears coarse crackles during inspiration. What condition is most likely associated with this finding?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The presence of coarse crackles during inspiration indicates fluid or secretions in the lungs, which are typically associated with pneumonia. Pneumonia is an acute infection of the lung parenchyma leading to inflammation and consolidation, causing crackles. Pulmonary fibrosis presents with fine crackles, not coarse crackles. Heart failure may present with crackles, but they are typically associated with expiratory crackles. COPD does not typically present with crackles on auscultation. Therefore, based on the symptom of coarse crackles during inspiration, the most likely condition is pneumonia.
Question 5 of 5
A 45-year-old woman presents with sudden onset of severe, unilateral lower abdominal pain. She also reports nausea and vomiting. On examination, she has tenderness to palpation in the right lower quadrant. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ovarian cyst rupture. The sudden onset of severe, unilateral lower abdominal pain along with nausea and vomiting suggests a possible rupture of an ovarian cyst. The tenderness in the right lower quadrant can be due to the location of the affected ovary. Ovarian cyst rupture can mimic symptoms of appendicitis (choice A), but the absence of fever and rebound tenderness makes appendicitis less likely. Pelvic inflammatory disease (choice C) typically presents with bilateral lower abdominal pain and a history of vaginal discharge. Ectopic pregnancy (choice D) may present with similar symptoms, but the absence of vaginal bleeding and a positive pregnancy test makes it less likely in this case.