Which of the following drugs would be appropriate to add to the patient's therapy at this time?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cabergoline. Cabergoline is a dopamine agonist used to treat hyperprolactinemia. It is appropriate to add to therapy if the patient has hyperprolactinemia symptoms. Cosyntropin (A) is a synthetic ACTH used to test adrenal gland function. Mecasermin (B) is a recombinant IGF-1 used to treat growth hormone insensitivity. Leuprolide (C) is a GnRH agonist used to treat conditions like endometriosis and prostate cancer. None of these options are appropriate for hyperprolactinemia, making D the correct choice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Methimazole. Methimazole is an antithyroid drug used to treat hyperthyroidism by inhibiting thyroid hormone synthesis. The results described are likely due to hyperthyroidism, which methimazole would help regulate. Radioactive iodine (A) is used to destroy thyroid tissue, potassium iodide (B) is used to protect the thyroid from radiation, and propranolol (D) is a beta-blocker used to manage symptoms but does not directly address thyroid hormone levels.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sweating. Excessive dose of methimazole, an anti-thyroid medication used to treat Graves disease, can lead to increased sympathetic nervous system activity, causing hyperactivity of sweat glands and resulting in sweating. Palpitations (A) are more commonly associated with hyperthyroidism itself, rather than medication side effects. Insomnia (C) can be a symptom of hyperthyroidism but is not a direct effect of methimazole overdose. Tremor (D) is also a common symptom of hyperthyroidism, not a specific effect of methimazole overdose.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Prednisone. Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can cause signs and symptoms such as weight gain, fluid retention, and mood changes, which align with the patient's presentation. Mesalamine (B) is used to treat inflammatory bowel disease and does not typically cause these symptoms. Loperamide (C) is an anti-diarrheal agent and would not explain the patient's signs. Azathioprine (D) is an immunosuppressant used in inflammatory conditions but is less likely to cause the specific signs and symptoms described.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Prednisone. Prednisone is a corticosteroid that helps reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system. In an emergency situation, such as an acute asthma attack or anaphylactic reaction, prednisone can quickly alleviate symptoms and prevent further complications. Fludrocortisone (A) is a mineralocorticoid mainly used for adrenal insufficiency, not for emergency treatment. Azathioprine (B) is an immunosuppressant used for organ transplant recipients or autoimmune diseases, not for acute emergencies. Norethindrone (C) is a progestin hormone used for contraception or hormone replacement therapy, not for emergency treatment.