Which of the following drugs would be appropriate for the patient at this time?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The appropriate drug for the patient at this time would be Amitriptyline. The patient, who was previously discharged on valproic acid for bipolar disorder, is now experiencing depressive symptoms after discontinuing therapy. Amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, would be suitable for treating the patient's depression. Tricyclic antidepressants like Amitriptyline are commonly used in the treatment of mood disorders, including bipolar depression. Therefore, choice A is the correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Norepinephrine is a neurotransmitter that plays a role in regulating blood pressure. Drugs that increase norepinephrine levels can lead to elevated blood pressure, as seen in this patient. Atomoxetine, phenylephrine, guanfacine, and clonidine do not directly affect norepinephrine levels in a way that would cause high blood pressure.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The lateral hypothalamus is known to be involved in the regulation of hunger and satiety. Amphetamines, which act by increasing catecholamine release in the central nervous system, can suppress appetite by affecting the lateral hypothalamus. This region plays a key role in regulating feeding behavior and energy balance, making it a likely site of anorectic action for drugs like amphetamines.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Dextroamphetamine is a commonly prescribed medication for ADHD, especially in children who exhibit symptoms such as hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention. It acts by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, helping to improve focus and reduce hyperactive behavior in individuals with ADHD.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Dextroamphetamine would be the most appropriate choice for this patient as it is a stimulant commonly used to treat ADHD. It can help improve focus, attention, and impulse control in individuals with ADHD. Since the girl admitted to occasional marijuana use, medications like methylphenidate (A) or clonidine (B) may not be as effective due to potential interactions or lack of effectiveness. Alprazolam (D) is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety, not ADHD. Atomoxetine (E) is another medication for ADHD, but dextroamphetamine is often preferred based on patient response and history.