Which of the following drugs was most likely administered?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Etomidate. Etomidate is a short-acting intravenous anesthetic agent commonly used for induction of anesthesia due to its rapid onset and short duration of action. It is often preferred in patients with cardiovascular instability as it has minimal effects on hemodynamics. A) Thiopental is a barbiturate with a longer duration of action compared to etomidate and is typically used for anesthesia induction and maintenance in non-cardiac surgery. C) Paroxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) used as an antidepressant and for other psychiatric conditions, not for anesthesia. D) Lidocaine is a local anesthetic used for nerve blocks or as an antiarrhythmic agent, not for anesthesia induction. Understanding the pharmacological properties of these drugs is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially nurses and anesthesiologists, to ensure safe and effective patient care. Knowledge of the correct drug for specific clinical situations can prevent adverse events and improve patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Lidocaine is the most appropriate choice for a 4-day-old boy with methemoglobinemia as it is less likely to cause further methemoglobinemia compared to other local anesthetics. This is important to prevent exacerbating the baby's condition. Lidocaine is considered safe for use in pediatric patients and is commonly used in this population for minor procedures.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Lidocaine would be the most appropriate choice for a pregnant woman with a history of anaphylactic reaction to para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). Lidocaine is an amide local anesthetic that does not contain PABA and is less likely to trigger an allergic reaction in individuals sensitive to this compound. It is important to choose a local anesthetic that is safe for the patient and avoids any potential allergic responses.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In a patient with impaired hepatic and renal function, Vecuronium is the most appropriate choice for muscle relaxation as it is primarily eliminated through hepatic metabolism and does not require renal excretion. Succinylcholine is contraindicated in patients with impaired renal function due to the risk of hyperkalemia. Tubocurarine, Mivacurium, and Cisatracurium may have prolonged effects in patients with impaired liver function, making Vecuronium the safest choice in this scenario.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Botulinum toxin primarily acts at somatic nerve terminals by blocking the release of acetylcholine, leading to muscle paralysis. In the context of strabismus treatment, the toxin targets the nerve terminals supplying the extrinsic ocular muscles, specifically affecting neuromuscular transmission at the neuromuscular junction. This action results in localized muscle weakness and temporary paralysis, aiding in the correction of strabismus.