Which of the following drugs was most likely administered to the patient?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Buprenorphine. Buprenorphine is commonly used to treat opioid addiction and dependence due to its partial agonist activity at the mu-opioid receptor, which helps reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Methadone (A) is also used for opioid addiction treatment but is more commonly administered in specialized clinics. Meperidine (B) is primarily used for acute pain management and has a high potential for toxic metabolites. Codeine (C) is a weaker opioid commonly used for mild to moderate pain and cough suppression, not typically used for addiction treatment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Morphine. Postoperative adynamic ileus is characterized by delayed gastric emptying and reduced intestinal motility. Morphine can exacerbate these symptoms by causing further gastrointestinal motility issues, leading to potential complications such as bowel obstruction. Acetaminophen (A), Ibuprofen (C), and Ketorolac (D) do not have significant effects on gastrointestinal motility and are therefore safer choices for patients with postoperative adynamic ileus.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased heart rate. When smoking, nicotine enters the bloodstream and stimulates the release of adrenaline, leading to increased heart rate. Hypertension (choice A) may occur over time with consistent smoking. Depressive mood (choice C) is more commonly associated with withdrawal symptoms rather than immediate effects. Hyperalgesia (choice D), increased sensitivity to pain, is not a typical immediate effect of smoking.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Heroin. Heroin withdrawal can lead to seizures due to the sudden decrease in brain activity when the drug is removed. This causes an imbalance in neurotransmitters, increasing the risk of seizures. LSD (A) and cannabis (B) are not associated with seizure risk during withdrawal. Alprazolam (C) withdrawal can cause seizures but is less common compared to heroin withdrawal.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Phencyclidine. PCP is a dissociative anesthetic that can cause hallucinations, agitation, and violent behavior. The patient's signs and symptoms align with the effects of PCP use. Cocaine (A) typically causes increased energy and alertness, heroin (B) causes sedation and respiratory depression, and LSD (D) causes hallucinations and altered perceptions, but these do not match the patient's presentation.