Which of the following drugs is useful in the treatment of uterine spasms?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Atropine. Atropine is useful in the treatment of uterine spasms because it acts as an antispasmodic agent by blocking the action of acetylcholine on smooth muscle, including the uterus. Carbachol (A) is a cholinergic agonist that would exacerbate spasms. Vecuronium (B) is a neuromuscular blocking agent used for muscle relaxation during surgery. Edrophonium (D) is a cholinesterase inhibitor used for diagnosing myasthenia gravis. In summary, Atropine is the correct choice due to its antispasmodic properties, while the other options would not be effective or appropriate for treating uterine spasms.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Prazosin is an alpha1-selective antagonist used to treat hypertension by blocking alpha1 receptors in blood vessels. 2. Phentolamine (A) is a non-selective alpha-blocker. 3. Dihydroergotamine (B) is a 5-HT1 receptor agonist used for migraine. 4. Labetalol (D) is a non-selective alpha and beta blocker. Therefore, C (Prazosin) is the correct answer as it is a selective alpha1 blocker.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Flurazepam. Flurazepam is a benzodiazepine derivative because it contains a benzodiazepine ring structure in its chemical composition. Benzodiazepines are a class of drugs commonly used as hypnotics due to their sedative and hypnotic effects. Zolpidem (A) is a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic drug, while Secobarbital (C) and Phenobarbitone (D) are barbiturates, not benzodiazepines. Benzodiazepines are preferred over barbiturates for hypnotic use due to their lower risk of respiratory depression and overdose.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Diazepam. Diazepam is the most effective drug for stopping generalized tonic-clonic status epilepticus in adults due to its rapid onset of action and ability to terminate seizures quickly. It works by enhancing the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA in the brain, suppressing seizure activity. Lamotrigine (A) is not recommended for acute seizure control. Ethosuximide (B) is used for absence seizures, not generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Zonisamide (D) has a slower onset of action and is not the first-line treatment for status epilepticus.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Carbidopa is a peripheral dopa decarboxylase inhibitor. It does not cross the blood-brain barrier and prevents the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, increasing levodopa availability in the brain. Tolcapone and Selegiline are central nervous system dopaminergic agents. Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic used in schizophrenia.