ATI RN
jarvis physical examination and health assessment 9th edition test bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following drugs is not contraindicated for concurrent use with warfarin (Coumadin)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale for correct answer (A): Amoxicillin does not significantly interact with warfarin. It is an antibiotic that works through a different mechanism than warfarin and is not known to affect its anticoagulant activity. Summary of incorrect choices: B (Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole): This drug combination can enhance the effects of warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding. C (Ciprofloxacin): Ciprofloxacin can increase warfarin's effects, leading to a higher risk of bleeding. D (Clarithromycin): Clarithromycin can interact with warfarin, potentially increasing the risk of bleeding.
Question 2 of 5
An 84-year-old male with prostatic hypertrophy is at increased risk of:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Urinary tract infections. Prostatic hypertrophy can cause obstruction of the urinary tract, leading to urinary retention and stasis, which increases the risk of urinary tract infections. Constipation (choice A) and fecal incontinence (choice B) are more related to issues with the gastrointestinal system rather than prostatic hypertrophy. Prostate cancer (choice D) is a separate condition that is not directly linked to prostatic hypertrophy. Therefore, the increased risk for an 84-year-old male with prostatic hypertrophy is urinary tract infections due to urinary obstruction.
Question 3 of 5
A patient presents with decreased hearing related to antibiotic use. Which class of antibiotics is this?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Aminoglycosides. Aminoglycosides can cause ototoxicity, resulting in decreased hearing. They are known to damage the sensory cells in the inner ear. Beta-lactams (B) and Cephalosporins (C) are not associated with hearing loss. Macrolides (D) can rarely cause hearing loss but are not as commonly linked to ototoxicity as aminoglycosides.
Question 4 of 5
The medication that blocks the transportation of glucose across the intestines into the bloodstream to target prandial blood glucose is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Acarbose (Precose). Acarbose is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor that blocks the breakdown of carbohydrates into glucose in the intestines, reducing glucose absorption and lowering postprandial blood glucose levels. Metformin (A) works by decreasing glucose production in the liver. Rosiglitazone (C) is a thiazolidinedione that improves insulin sensitivity. Glipizide (D) is a sulfonylurea that stimulates insulin release from the pancreas. Acarbose specifically targets postprandial blood glucose by blocking glucose absorption in the intestines.
Question 5 of 5
The addition of benzoyl peroxide to erythromycin for the topical treatment of acne:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice C is correct: 1. Benzoyl peroxide has antibacterial properties. 2. Combining benzoyl peroxide with erythromycin reduces bacterial resistance. 3. This combination therapy prevents the development of resistance to erythromycin. 4. Therefore, the risk of resistance to erythromycin is decreased. Summary: - Choice A is incorrect as benzoyl peroxide does not directly improve the efficacy of erythromycin. - Choice B is incorrect as desquamation is not directly affected by the addition of benzoyl peroxide. - Choice D is incorrect as there is no evidence to suggest that benzoyl peroxide increases the time a patient can be exposed to sunlight.