Which of the following drugs is a gastric acid resistant:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Penicillin V. Penicillin V is gastric acid-resistant due to its stability against the acidic environment of the stomach, allowing it to be absorbed intact in the intestine. Penicillin G (choice A) is not acid-resistant and is inactivated by gastric acid. Carbenicillin (choice C) and Procain penicillin (choice D) are not designed to be acid-resistant and would be inactivated in the stomach as well. Penicillin V is the only option that can withstand the acidic conditions of the stomach, making it the correct choice in this scenario.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rimantadine. Rimantadine is a derivative of adamantane due to its molecular structure containing an adamantane core. This structural similarity allows rimantadine to exert antiviral activity against influenza A viruses by inhibiting the viral uncoating process. Didanozine (A) is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in HIV treatment, not related to adamantane. Gancyclovir (C) and Foscarnet (D) are antiviral drugs used for treating herpesvirus infections and cytomegalovirus infections, respectively, but they are not derivatives of adamantane.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Furosemide. Furosemide is a loop diuretic commonly used to treat conditions such as edema and hypertension. In this case, the patient likely required a strong diuretic to manage fluid overload, which is best achieved with a loop diuretic like furosemide. Hydrochlorothiazide (A) is a thiazide diuretic, which is less potent than loop diuretics like furosemide. Mannitol (B) is an osmotic diuretic used for conditions such as cerebral edema and not typically included in routine therapeutic regimens. Fenoldopam (D) is a selective dopamine receptor agonist used for acute hypertension but is not commonly included in routine diuretic regimens like furosemide.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Propranolol. Propranolol is a non-selective beta-blocker that can potentially cause vasoconstriction, increased blood pressure, and decreased oxygen supply to the heart, leading to myocardial infarction (MI) in susceptible individuals. Nitroprusside (B) and Nitroglycerin (C) are vasodilators that help improve blood flow and decrease cardiac workload, making them unlikely to cause MI. Nifedipine (D) is a calcium channel blocker that primarily affects blood vessels and the heart, but it is less likely to cause MI compared to propranolol.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.