Which of the following drugs if given in excessive amounts over long periods of time would result in a severely increased risk of infections and sepsis in the patient?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: Propylthiouracil is an antithyroid medication that can suppress the immune system over time, leading to an increased risk of infections and sepsis. It inhibits the production of thyroid hormones and can cause agranulocytosis, a condition characterized by a severe decrease in white blood cells, which are essential for fighting infections. Levothyroxine (A) is a thyroid hormone replacement drug, Glybenclamide (B) is an anti-diabetic medication, and Bromocriptine (C) is a dopamine agonist used to treat various conditions, none of which are associated with an increased risk of infections and sepsis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: epididymis. Sperm maturation occurs in the epididymis, a coiled tube located on the testes where sperm gains motility and fertilization capacity. The seminiferous tubules produce sperm, but maturation occurs in the epididymis. The vas deferens is a duct that transports sperm from the epididymis to the urethra, where it is ejaculated. The urethra is not involved in sperm maturation but serves as a passageway for sperm and urine. Therefore, the epididymis is the correct choice for sperm maturation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 28 days. The average menstrual cycle typically lasts around 28 days, starting from the first day of one period to the first day of the next. This duration allows for the completion of the hormonal changes and phases involved in the menstrual cycle, including menstruation, the follicular phase, ovulation, and the luteal phase. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not align with the typical duration of a menstrual cycle and may not provide sufficient time for these hormonal processes to occur properly.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: L-dopa. L-dopa is the most effective drug for Parkinson's disease as it is a precursor to dopamine, which helps alleviate symptoms. Benztropine (B) is an anticholinergic drug used for tremors, not as effective as L-dopa. Bromocriptine (C) is a dopamine agonist, less effective than L-dopa. Haloperidol (D) is an antipsychotic and not used as a first-line treatment for Parkinson's.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Anticholinergics. Drug-induced parkinsonism is caused by certain medications such as antipsychotics. Anticholinergics help alleviate the symptoms by blocking the activity of acetylcholine, which is increased in parkinsonism. Levodopa and Carbidopa are typically used in Parkinson's disease, not drug-induced parkinsonism. Seligiline is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor used in Parkinson's disease, but not specifically for drug-induced parkinsonism. Therefore, anticholinergics are the drug of choice for drug-induced parkinsonism due to their mechanism of action in blocking acetylcholine.