ATI RN
Quizlet Pharmacology ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following drugs has a therapeutic effect that prevents thromboembolic event?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clopidogrel is a medication that belongs to the antiplatelet class of drugs. It works by preventing platelets in the blood from sticking together and forming clots, thereby reducing the risk of thromboembolic events, such as heart attacks and strokes. Warfarin (Choice A) is an anticoagulant medication that also helps prevent blood clots, but it works by inhibiting the clotting factors in the blood rather than the platelets. Amlodipine (Choice B) and Nitroglycerine (Choice C) are medications used to treat high blood pressure and angina, respectively, and do not have a direct effect on preventing thromboembolic events.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following drugs blocks reuptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Serotonin reuptake blockade increases synaptic levels. Buspirone, a 5-HT1A agonist, treats anxiety without reuptake effects. Pizotifen, a serotonin antagonist, prevents migraines. Granisetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, controls nausea. Paroxetine, an SSRI, potently inhibits serotonin reuptake, elevating mood in depression. Sumatriptan activates 5-HT1 receptors. Paroxetine's mechanism is central to its antidepressant efficacy, distinguishing it from receptor modulators.
Question 3 of 5
Regarding biotransformation, which of the following is true:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ethanol competes with methanol metabolism, not enhances it, increasing toxicity, so that's false. Grapefruit juice inhibits CYP3A4, reducing cyclosporin metabolism, raising levels, a true statement critical for transplant patients. Phenytoin induces, not inhibits, theophylline metabolism, lowering levels. Rifampicin induces, not inhibits, oral contraceptive metabolism, reducing efficacy. Griseofulvin induces warfarin metabolism, not inhibits. Grapefruit juice's effect is a classic drug-food interaction, necessitating dose adjustments or avoidance.
Question 4 of 5
A female patient needs a whole blood transfusion. In order for transfusion services (the blood bank) to prepare the correct product a sample of the patient's blood must be obtained for:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A blood type and crossmatch are essential before a whole blood transfusion to ensure compatibility between the donor and recipient. This process involves determining the patient's blood type (ABO and Rh) and testing for antibodies that could cause a transfusion reaction. A complete blood count and differential are not required for transfusion preparation. Blood culture and sensitivity are used to diagnose infections, not for transfusion compatibility. Therefore, blood type and crossmatch are the correct steps.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following drugs has a therapeutic effect that prevents thromboembolic event?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clopidogrel is a medication that belongs to the antiplatelet class of drugs. It works by preventing platelets in the blood from sticking together and forming clots, thereby reducing the risk of thromboembolic events, such as heart attacks and strokes. Warfarin (Choice A) is an anticoagulant medication that also helps prevent blood clots, but it works by inhibiting the clotting factors in the blood rather than the platelets. Amlodipine (Choice B) and Nitroglycerine (Choice C) are medications used to treat high blood pressure and angina, respectively, and do not have a direct effect on preventing thromboembolic events.