ATI RN
ATI Capstone Pharmacology Assessment 1 and 2 Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following drugs has a therapeutic effect that increases cardiac output and slows heart rate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Digoxin is a medication commonly used to treat heart failure and certain types of irregular heartbeats. Its therapeutic effect includes increasing cardiac output, which helps improve the function of the heart. Digoxin also has the ability to slow down the heart rate, making it particularly beneficial for patients with conditions like atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter. Therefore, among the options provided, Digoxin is the drug that has a therapeutic effect of increasing cardiac output and slowing heart rate.
Question 2 of 5
“Analgesic, Antipyretic†is an example of :
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: "Analgesic, Antipyretic" describes the pharmacologic class of the drug, indicating that it has pain-relieving (analgesic) and fever-reducing (antipyretic) properties. Pharmacologic class refers to the category or group of medications that have similar pharmacological effects or act on the body in a similar way. In this case, the drug is categorized as an analgesic and antipyretic, which defines its primary therapeutic actions.
Question 3 of 5
The patient is prescribed an ACE inhibitor. What primary mechanism of ACE inhibitors will the nurse understand as the therapeutic action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary mechanism of ACE inhibitors is to inhibit the production of angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor that also stimulates the release of aldosterone. By inhibiting angiotensin II production, ACE inhibitors decrease aldosterone secretion. Aldosterone is a hormone that plays a key role in regulating blood pressure and fluid balance in the body. Inhibiting aldosterone secretion helps to reduce blood pressure by decreasing sodium and water retention, ultimately leading to vasodilation and lower blood pressure levels.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse practitioner has written a number of stat orders for drugs to treat a patient on the medical-surgical unit who has suffered an acute anaphylactic reaction with hives and bronchospasm during infusion of an IV antibiotic. Which priority drug would the nurse administer first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis due to its rapid action in reversing bronchospasm, vasodilation, and hypotension. It acts on alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors to constrict blood vessels, relax bronchial smooth muscle, and increase cardiac output. Steroids (A) and diphenhydramine (D) are adjuncts to manage inflammation and histamine release but are not immediate lifesaving measures. Dopamine (B) is used for hypotension but is not the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis.
Question 5 of 5
Two tests should be monitored for a patient currently on Warfarin. What are those two tests? Select ALL that apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 1. INR (International Normalized Ratio): INR is the primary test used to monitor the effectiveness of Warfarin therapy. It measures the clotting tendency of the patient's blood in relation to a standard measurement. The INR target range for patients on Warfarin therapy varies depending on the reason for treatment, but typically falls between 2.0 to 3.0.