ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Online Practice 2023 A Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following drugs causes the most significant inhibition of metabolism of rifabutin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rifabutin, metabolized by CYP3A4, is affected by inhibitors. Zidovudine, enfuvirtide, and nevirapine don't strongly inhibit CYP3A4. St John's wort induces it, lowering levels. Ritonavir, a potent CYP3A4 inhibitor, significantly slows rifabutin metabolism, raising levels and toxicity risk (e.g., uveitis), the most impactful. This interaction requires dose adjustment, critical in HIV-TB co-treatment.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is mowing his lawn on a hot Saturday afternoon. He begins to notice chest pain. What should his first action be?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient's first action should be to stop mowing and sit or lie down. Chest pain can be a symptom of a heart attack, and it is important for the patient to immediately rest and avoid physical strain. Continuing to mow the lawn could worsen the condition or lead to further complications. Sitting or lying down will help reduce the heart's workload and minimize the exertion on the body. If the chest pain continues or worsens, seeking medical help should be the next course of action.
Question 3 of 5
A patient about to receive a morning dose of digoxin has an apical pulse of 53 beats/min. What will the nurse do next?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A low apical pulse rate of 53 beats/min indicates bradycardia, which is a side effect of digoxin. Before administering digoxin, the nurse should always check the patient's pulse rate. If the apical pulse is below the facility's specified parameters (typically below 60 beats/min), the nurse should withhold the dose and notify the prescriber immediately. Bradycardia can be an indication of digoxin toxicity, which can be potentially life-threatening, so it is crucial to follow the protocol and seek further guidance before administering the medication.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is discharging a 35-year-old patient with diabetes who has been prescribed an adrenergic blocking agent. What is the priority teaching point for the nurse to discuss with this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: It is important for the patient to be instructed to monitor blood sugar levels more frequently because adrenergic blocking agents mask the normal hypo- and hyperglycemic manifestations that normally alert patients such as sweating, feeling tense, increased heart rate, and rapid breathing. There is no need to change the diet or the diabetic medications. There may be no signs and symptoms to record because they are blocked by the adrenergic blocker. The nurse should emphasize the importance of frequent blood glucose monitoring and reporting any instability to the healthcare provider.
Question 5 of 5
Which statement is accurate concerning the use of aspirin (ASA) to treat pain?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aspirin's use for pain involves anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, but it risks GI irritation. Enteric-coated capsules minimize this by dissolving in the intestine, not the stomach, reducing bleeding risk—an accurate statement. High doses are true for anticoagulation, not pain relief, where lower doses suffice. Herbs like garlic and ginger increase bleeding risk, not inflammation relief, making it dangerous advice. Low doses (choice D, 325 mg) primarily prevent clotting, not significantly reduce inflammation, which requires higher doses. Choice B correctly reflects a practical measure to enhance aspirin's safety profile for pain management.