ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2024 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following drugs can suppress seizure activity and decrease the frequency of migraine headache?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Valproate is a medication commonly used to treat seizures and prevent migraine headaches. It acts by suppressing seizure activity and stabilizing electrical activity in the brain. Valproate is a broad-spectrum anticonvulsant drug that can be an effective treatment for epilepsy and migraine prophylaxis. It works by increasing the levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that inhibits brain activity, thus reducing the frequency and severity of seizures and migraine attacks. Glipizide is an oral antidiabetic drug used to treat type 2 diabetes, hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic used to treat high blood pressure, and atropine is a medication with various uses, including dilating the pupils and reducing secretions during surgery.
Question 2 of 5
A 25-year-old woman with myoclonic seizures is well controlled on valproate. She indicates that she is interested in becoming pregnant in the next year. With respect to her antiepilepsy medication, which of the following should be considered?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Valproate controls myoclonic seizures but is teratogenic, linked to neural tube defects (e.g., spina bifida) and cognitive deficits in offspring, posing significant pregnancy risks. Switching to lamotrigine, effective for myoclonic seizures and safer (lower teratogenicity), is recommended preconception after titration. Continuing valproate unchanged ignores fetal harm. Adding another drug increases complexity without addressing valproate's risks. Lowering the dose may compromise seizure control. Lamotrigine's efficacy and better pregnancy safety profile, per guidelines, make it the best consideration.
Question 3 of 5
A male patient with blood type AB, Rh factor positive needs a blood transfusion. The Transfusion Service (blood bank) sends type O, Rh factor negative blood to the unit for the nurse to infuse into this patient. The nurse knows that:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this case, the blood type of the donor (type O, Rh-negative) is not compatible with the blood type of the patient (type AB, Rh-positive). Blood type AB individuals can receive blood from all blood types (universal recipient), but they can only donate to individuals with the same blood type. Therefore, if a patient with blood type AB receives a transfusion of type O blood, it will lead to a major incompatibility reaction, possibly resulting in serious complications such as hemolysis (destruction of red blood cells), renal failure, and even death. It is crucial for the nurse to verify the blood type of the patient and ensure that the correct blood type is provided to prevent such adverse reactions.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following are the four categories of pharmacokinetics?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pharmacokinetics comprises absorption (entry to blood), distribution (to tissues), metabolism (chemical change), and excretion (removal)-standard categories tracking a drug's journey. Others mix processes or invent terms (e.g., interspersing), lacking precision. These four define the field, essential for dosing and effect.
Question 5 of 5
The client has arthritis and has just learned that she is pregnant. What is the best instruction by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pregnancy limits arthritis options-splinting supports joints safely, per non-drug care. Heat helps, not avoided. Hydroxychloroquine needs caution (Category C). Glucocorticoids (D) risk cleft palate-unsafe. Splinting fits pregnancy, per safety.