ATI RN
Genitourinary System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following drug which directly inhibits HIV-reverse transcriptase * without the need for intracellular activation by phosphorylation:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nevirapine. Nevirapine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) that directly inhibits HIV-reverse transcriptase without needing intracellular activation. It binds directly to the enzyme's active site, preventing the conversion of viral RNA to DNA. Rationale: 1. Nelnavir (A) is a protease inhibitor that works by blocking the protease enzyme needed for viral replication, not reverse transcriptase inhibition. 2. Stavudine (C) and Didanosine (D) are nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) that require intracellular phosphorylation to become active, unlike Nevirapine. In summary, Nevirapine is the correct answer as it directly inhibits HIV-reverse transcriptase without needing intracellular activation, distinguishing it from the other choices which belong to different drug classes or require intracellular phosphorylation.
Question 2 of 5
The following topical antifungal drugs include all EXCEPT: *
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Crotamiton. Crotamiton is not an antifungal drug; it is actually a scabicide and antipruritic agent used to treat scabies and itching. A: Tolnaftate is an antifungal commonly used to treat fungal skin infections like athlete's foot. C: Terbinafine is an antifungal medication used to treat fungal infections of the skin and nails. D: Ciclopirox is an antifungal used to treat fungal infections of the nails and skin.
Question 3 of 5
A patient was treated with digoxin and he develop signs and symptoms of * digoxin toxicity caused by furosemide therapy. What did the diuretic most likely do to precipitate the digoxin toxicityy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: caused by hypokalemia. Furosemide, a loop diuretic, can lead to potassium loss (hypokalemia), which can exacerbate digoxin toxicity. Low potassium levels increase the risk of digoxin binding more strongly to cardiac tissue, leading to toxicity symptoms. Hypocalcemia (A) and hyponatremia (B) are not directly related to digoxin toxicity, making them incorrect choices. Choice D is incorrect as hypokalemia is a known risk factor for digoxin toxicity.
Question 4 of 5
A 75 year old man is suffering from benign prostatic hypertrophy and is being * treated with terazosin. Which of the following adverse reaction would be expected taking this drug?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Orthostatic hypotension. Terazosin is an alpha-1 blocker commonly used to treat BPH. It can cause vasodilation, leading to a drop in blood pressure, especially when standing up suddenly, resulting in orthostatic hypotension. This is because terazosin relaxes smooth muscle in blood vessels, causing dilation and blood pooling in the extremities. Erectile dysfunction (A) is not a common side effect of terazosin. GI distress (C) is less likely because terazosin does not directly affect the gastrointestinal system. Gynecomastia (D) is not a typical side effect of terazosin since it does not impact hormone levels significantly.
Question 5 of 5
Intravenous furosemide is an alternative potent diuretic to Mannitol in the * treatment of the following condition:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: Mannitol is typically used for cerebral edema due to its osmotic diuretic properties that reduce intracranial pressure. Furosemide is a loop diuretic commonly used for conditions like pulmonary edema. Therefore, intravenous furosemide is an alternative potent diuretic to Mannitol in the treatment of cerebral edema. Summary: A: Cardiac edema - Loop diuretics like furosemide are commonly used in cardiac edema, not Mannitol. C: Cirrhotic edema - Loop diuretics are used in cirrhotic edema, but Mannitol is not typically indicated. D: Pulmonary edema - Furosemide is commonly used in pulmonary edema, but Mannitol is not indicated for this condition.