ATI RN
Genitourinary Review of Systems Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following drug/(s) that is /are used to treat chronic hepatitis B?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because both Lamivudine and Human interferon α are commonly used to treat chronic hepatitis B. Lamivudine is a nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor that helps inhibit viral replication. Human interferon α is a type of immunomodulatory drug that boosts the immune system to fight the virus. Amantadine (choice C) is not typically used for treating hepatitis B, making it incorrect. Therefore, the combination of Lamivudine and Human interferon α (choice D) is the most appropriate treatment option for chronic hepatitis B.
Question 2 of 5
Which antibiotics should be avoided in patients of liver disease?:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tetracycline. Tetracycline should be avoided in patients with liver disease due to its potential hepatotoxicity. Tetracycline is primarily metabolized in the liver and can exacerbate liver damage in patients with pre-existing liver conditions. Cotrimoxazole, Cephalexin, and Ethambutol are generally considered safe for use in patients with liver disease as they are not known to cause significant liver toxicity.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following drugs valuable in the treatment of edema and metabolic alkalosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Acetazolamide. Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that helps in the treatment of edema and metabolic alkalosis by promoting diuresis and increasing renal excretion of bicarbonate. It is effective in treating conditions associated with fluid retention and alkalosis. A: Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside used to treat heart conditions like heart failure and atrial fibrillation, not edema or metabolic alkalosis. B: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic commonly used for conditions like hypertension and heart failure, but not specifically for metabolic alkalosis. C: Dobutamine is a beta-adrenergic agonist used in acute heart failure or shock situations, not for edema or alkalosis. In summary, Acetazolamide is the correct choice as it directly targets edema and metabolic alkalosis by affecting renal excretion of bicarbonate. Other options are
Question 4 of 5
A patient with psychologic disorder is being treated with a drug. Few months he is worried that he is constantly thirsty and urinates copiously frequently throughout the day and night. Which of the following drugs most likely cause inappropriate secretion of ADH?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lithium. Lithium is known to cause nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, leading to inappropriate secretion of ADH. This results in excessive thirst and copious urination. Diazepam (A) does not affect ADH secretion. Haloperidol (C) and Phenytoin (D) are not associated with ADH dysregulation.
Question 5 of 5
The Na+Cl- transporter in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney is blocked by:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Thiazides. Thiazides work by inhibiting the Na+/Cl- transporter in the distal convoluted tubule, leading to decreased sodium reabsorption and increased urine output. This results in decreased blood volume and lower blood pressure. Spironolactone (A) works by blocking aldosterone receptors, affecting potassium and sodium balance. Furosemide (C) and Ethacrynic acid (D) act on the loop of Henle, inhibiting the Na+/K+/2Cl- transporter. Therefore, the correct answer is B because thiazides specifically target the Na+/Cl- transporter in the distal convoluted tubule.