ATI RN
jarvis physical examination and health assessment 9th edition test bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following drug classes is not indicated for the treatment of depression?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Buspirone (Buspar). Buspirone is not indicated for the treatment of depression; it is primarily used to treat anxiety disorders. SSRIs and TCAs are commonly prescribed for depression due to their ability to increase serotonin levels. Bupropion is an atypical antidepressant that works on norepinephrine and dopamine, making it a suitable option for depression treatment. Buspirone's mechanism of action differs from antidepressants, focusing on serotonin and dopamine receptors rather than directly targeting depression symptoms. Therefore, Buspirone is not a recommended drug class for depression treatment.
Question 2 of 5
A 40-year-old female, the overall texture of the breast is soft, with an uneven contour bilaterally. The NP informs the patient that:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. The patient is 40 years old, which is within the age range for routine screening mammograms. 2. The description of soft, uneven breasts is typical of normal breast tissue variations. 3. Given the patient's age and the benign characteristics described, no further investigation is needed. Summary of other choices: A: Warrants a mammogram - Not necessary as the breast characteristics described are normal for the patient's age. C: May be suggestive of fibroadenoma - Fibroadenomas typically present as firm, well-defined lumps, not soft and uneven breasts. D: May indicate cystic breast - Cystic breasts may feel lumpy or tender, but the overall texture is not described as soft and uneven.
Question 3 of 5
When treating a patient with asthma who is experiencing acute wheezing, which medication should be given to relieve the symptoms?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Short acting bronchodilator. During an acute asthma attack, a short-acting bronchodilator (such as albuterol) is the preferred medication to relieve symptoms quickly by dilating the airways. This medication acts rapidly to open up the airways and provide immediate relief of wheezing and shortness of breath. Long-acting bronchodilators (choice B) are not recommended for acute symptom relief. Inhaled corticosteroids (choice C) are used for long-term control of asthma symptoms and not for immediate relief during an acute attack. Combining methylxanthine and long-acting bronchodilator (choice D) is not the standard treatment for acute wheezing in asthma.
Question 4 of 5
What clinical finding in a funduscopic examination is indicative of increased intracranial pressure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Indistinct disk edge. Increased intracranial pressure causes papilledema, resulting in swelling and elevation of the optic disk. This leads to a blurred or indistinct disk edge. Pulsating veins (choice A) are seen in conditions like arteriovenous malformations, not specifically indicative of increased intracranial pressure. Clear disk edge (choice C) and normal retinal appearance (choice D) are not consistent with the findings associated with increased intracranial pressure.
Question 5 of 5
A 29-year-old computer programmer comes to the office for evaluation of a headache. The tightening sensation of moderate intensity is located all over the head. It used to last minutes, but this time it has lasted for 5 days. He denies photophobia and nausea. He spends several hours at a computer monitor/keyboard. He has tried over-the-counter medication; it has dulled the pain, but not taken it away. Based on this description, what is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tension headache. The key features in the scenario are the bilateral location of the headache, duration of 5 days, absence of nausea and photophobia, and the patient's occupation as a computer programmer. Tension headaches are typically bilateral, mild to moderate in intensity, and often related to stress, posture, and prolonged screen time. The fact that over-the-counter medication only dulled the pain supports the diagnosis of tension headache. Summary of other choices: A: Cluster headaches typically have a unilateral location, severe intensity, and are associated with autonomic symptoms like tearing of the eye. B: Analgesic rebound headaches occur due to overuse of pain medications, leading to worsening of headaches when the medication wears off. D: Migraine headaches often present with unilateral throbbing pain, nausea, and sensitivity to light and sound, which are not present in this case.