ATI RN
Nursing Care of Pediatrics Respiratory Disorders Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following disorders leads to cyanosis from deoxygenated blood entering the systemic arterial circulation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) Tetralogy of Fallot because it is a congenital heart defect characterized by four specific heart abnormalities that result in mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the heart. This mixing leads to deoxygenated blood being pumped out to the body, causing cyanosis. A) Aortic stenosis is incorrect because it involves narrowing of the aortic valve, which may lead to decreased cardiac output but does not cause cyanosis. B) Coarctation of the aorta is incorrect as it is a narrowing of the aorta that restricts blood flow to the lower part of the body, but it does not result in cyanosis. C) Patent ductus arteriosus is incorrect because it is a condition where a blood vessel called the ductus arteriosus fails to close after birth, causing abnormal blood flow between the aorta and pulmonary artery. While it can lead to other complications, it does not typically cause cyanosis. Understanding these distinctions is vital in pediatric nursing care as it helps in accurate assessment, diagnosis, and management of respiratory and cardiac disorders in children. Recognizing the specific symptoms and implications of each condition can guide nursing interventions and improve patient outcomes.
Question 2 of 5
You are called to the bedside only to find a frightened mother whose child, the patient, is having a seizure. Which of these actions will you take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the scenario of a child having a seizure, the correct action is to clear the area and position the client safely (Option D). This is the correct choice because during a seizure, it is important to ensure the safety of the patient by removing any objects that could harm them and positioning the child on their side to prevent aspiration and maintain an open airway. Option A is incorrect because inserting a padded tongue blade can cause more harm by damaging the teeth, gums, or oral tissues during a seizure. Option B is also incorrect as restraining the child can lead to injuries and exacerbate the situation. Option C is not the priority during a seizure, as the main focus should be on ensuring the child's safety and managing the seizure itself. From an educational standpoint, understanding the correct actions during a seizure in pediatric patients is crucial for nurses caring for children with respiratory disorders. Proper seizure management can prevent complications and ensure the safety and well-being of the child. Nurses must be trained to respond effectively to emergencies like seizures to provide optimal care to pediatric patients.
Question 3 of 5
During the 6th month, infant's first teeth are expected to appear. And Mrs. Lao had their first child who had reached his 6th month. They noticed that the child becomes irritable, and frequent salivation is observed. Which of the following could BEST explain this phenomenon?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C) Eruption of central incisors begins. During the 6th month, infants typically start teething, with the central incisors being the first to emerge. The symptoms of irritability and increased salivation are common signs of teething in infants. This process can cause discomfort and changes in behavior. It is important for parents to be aware of these signs to provide appropriate comfort measures for the child. Option A) The child has many sores in his mouth and gums is incorrect because teething does not cause sores in the mouth and gums. Option B) This is a normal occurrence for children 6 months and below is too vague and does not specifically address the teething process. Option D) The mouth should be cleaned because of bacterial infection is incorrect as the symptoms described are typical for teething and not indicative of a bacterial infection. In an educational context, understanding the normal developmental milestones in infants, such as teething, is crucial for healthcare providers like nurses who care for pediatric patients. By recognizing the signs of teething and knowing how to support infants and their families during this process, nurses can provide optimal care and guidance.
Question 4 of 5
SITUATION: Susie, 9 y/o has been diagnosed with tracheoesophageal fistula. Which of these symptoms will be noted by the nurse in Susie?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the case of Susie, a 9-year-old diagnosed with tracheoesophageal fistula, the correct symptom noted by the nurse would be excessive drooling and abdominal distention (Option B). This is because tracheoesophageal fistula is a congenital condition where there is an abnormal connection between the trachea and the esophagus, leading to issues with swallowing and respiratory distress. Excessive drooling occurs due to difficulty in swallowing, and abdominal distention can result from air entering the stomach through the abnormal connection. Option A, bile-stained vomiting, is not typically associated with tracheoesophageal fistula but could be seen in conditions like intestinal obstruction. Option C, projectile vomiting, is more commonly seen in conditions like pyloric stenosis. Option D, severe cyanosis and stridor, are symptoms that may be present in other respiratory disorders like epiglottitis or croup, but are not characteristic of tracheoesophageal fistula. Educationally, understanding the specific symptoms associated with different pediatric respiratory disorders is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients. It helps in early identification of conditions, prompt intervention, and appropriate treatment. By knowing the unique signs and symptoms of each disorder, healthcare providers can provide efficient and effective care to improve patient outcomes.
Question 5 of 5
Sonya Santos weighed 7 lbs at the time of her birth. 2 months later, her mother noted that the stools were frequently foul-smelling and frothy. During the next few months, Sonya failed to gain weight so her mother took her to the pediatric clinic at the age of 9 months. The examining physician found Sonya to be poorly developed, underweight and suffering from bronchitis with frequent non-productive cough. Chest x-ray, blood tests, stool analysis and sweat were done. Sonya's family history revealed that she has a first cousin who had mucoviscidosis. The pathophysiologic problem underlying the symptoms of this disease is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C) Production of abnormally tenacious secretions by the exocrine glands. This points to cystic fibrosis (CF), a genetic disorder that affects the exocrine glands, causing them to produce thick and sticky mucus. In Sonya's case, the symptoms of foul-smelling, frothy stools, failure to thrive, bronchitis, and a family history of mucoviscidosis all point towards CF. The thick mucus can block the airways, leading to respiratory issues like bronchitis and cough. Option A) Sluggish lymph circulation due to increased tortuosity of vessels is incorrect. CF primarily affects the exocrine glands, not lymph circulation. Option B) Hypertrophy of smooth muscle fiber surrounding tubular structures is incorrect. This is not a characteristic feature of CF. Option D) Obstructions of granular ducts by uric acid is incorrect. Uric acid is not associated with CF or its pathophysiology. In an educational context, understanding the pathophysiology of CF is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients with respiratory disorders. Recognizing the signs and symptoms early can lead to prompt diagnosis and intervention, improving outcomes for patients like Sonya. Nurses play a key role in educating families about genetic disorders, facilitating early detection, and providing comprehensive care for children with CF.