ATI RN
Questions on the Endocrine System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following disease is caused by adenoma?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Adenomas, benign tumors, cause acromegaly via pituitary GH oversecretion, not hyperthyroidism (often Graves' or thyroid adenoma), hypothyroidism (deficiency), or adrenal tumors (pheochromocytoma). The answer 'hyperthyroidism' seems erroneous; acromegaly fits adenoma etiology. This pituitary link distinguishes it, key to tumor-related endocrinopathies, contrasting with thyroid or adrenal origins.
Question 2 of 5
Which hormones of the adrenal glands supplement the sex hormones from the gonads?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gonadocorticoids (androgens like DHEA) from the adrenal cortex's zona reticularis supplement gonadal sex hormones (testosterone, estrogen), contributing to puberty and libido. Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone) regulate electrolytes, glucocorticoids (cortisol) manage stress/glucose, and epinephrine/norepinephrine handle acute stress none are sex hormones. Androgens' supportive role distinguishes them, key to adrenal-gonadal synergy, unlike electrolyte or stress hormones.
Question 3 of 5
Androgens are produced by the
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Androgens, like testosterone, are primarily produced by the testes in males, driving male traits and spermatogenesis. Ovaries produce minor androgens, the hypothalamus regulates via GnRH, and islets secrete insulin/glucagon not androgens. Testicular production distinguishes androgen's source, key to reproductive endocrinology, contrasting with regulatory or metabolic glands.
Question 4 of 5
The body's major metabolic hormone is released from the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thyroid hormone (T3/T4) from the thyroid regulates basal metabolic rate, influencing all cells' energy use. Pituitary (GH), thymus (immunity), and hypothalamus (regulatory) hormones don't match this scope. Thyroid hormone's metabolic dominance distinguishes it, key to systemic energy control, contrasting with growth or immune roles.
Question 5 of 5
Why can a single endocrine hormone produce a wider spread of responses in more of the body than a single nerve cell?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hormones travel via blood, reaching multiple target cells body-wide, eliciting varied responses (e.g., cortisol in stress). Nerve cells target specific cells via synapses, limiting scope. Endocrine-nervous integration exists, but blood's distribution distinguishes hormonal spread, key to systemic effects, contrasting with neural precision.