Which of the following demonstrates the first phase of application of the community health nursing process?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because determining the needs of the community is the initial phase of the community health nursing process. This involves conducting assessments to identify the health issues, concerns, and priorities of the population served. This step is crucial for planning targeted interventions. A: Participating in a health promotion lecture is an activity that may come after the assessment phase to educate the community. C: Developing a 6-week wellness program would typically occur in the planning phase, after the assessment of community needs. D: Supervising a fitness class at the local YWCA or YMCA is more related to the implementation phase, following the assessment and planning stages.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because arranging a meeting with the family to discuss the consequences of their decision allows for open communication and exploration of alternative solutions. This approach respects the family's autonomy while also addressing potential negative outcomes of their decision. It promotes shared decision-making, ethical considerations, and holistic care. Choice A is incorrect because it doesn't address the potential consequences of the family's decision. Choice B is incorrect as it disregards the family's perspective and autonomy. Choice C is incorrect as it bypasses direct communication with the family and may not fully address their concerns.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A (Family life-cycle stages) because the developmental assessment aspect of the Calgary Family Assessment Model (CFAM) focuses on understanding where the family stands in terms of its life-cycle stages. This involves assessing the family's developmental stage, transitions, and tasks. It helps in identifying the family's current needs and challenges based on their stage of development. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because: B: Instrumental and expressive functions refer to the functional aspects of the family system, not specifically related to developmental stages. C: Activities of everyday living pertain to the family's day-to-day routines and functioning, not necessarily related to developmental stages. D: Family strengths represent positive qualities and resources within the family but do not specifically address the developmental aspect of the family life cycle.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Secondary prevention. The CHN is conducting TB screening and treatment for homeless clients who test positive, which falls under secondary prevention aimed at early detection and treatment to prevent the spread of TB. Primary prevention focuses on preventing the disease before it occurs, such as through education and vaccination. Tertiary prevention involves managing and treating the disease to prevent complications and further spread. Choice D is incorrect because the activities described only align with secondary prevention, not tertiary prevention.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Primary prevention. This activity is aimed at preventing drug abuse before it occurs by educating junior high-school students through role models. Primary prevention focuses on preventing the onset of a health issue, in this case, drug abuse. High-school role models provide positive influence and guidance to deter drug use. Secondary prevention involves early detection and intervention after the onset of a problem, while tertiary prevention aims to minimize the impact of an established health issue. Therefore, the activity described falls under primary prevention as it targets the prevention of drug abuse among junior high-school students before it becomes a problem.