ATI RN
Exam Questions on Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following decreases respiratory efficiency?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Blood flow supplies oxygen and removes carbon dioxide in the lungs, essential for efficient gas exchange. Step 2: Decreased blood flow means less oxygen delivery and carbon dioxide removal, leading to decreased respiratory efficiency. Step 3: Choice A is correct as it directly impacts the gas exchange process. Summary: - Choice B (increased surface area) would enhance gas exchange efficiency. - Choice C (increased partial pressure gradients) would improve gas exchange efficiency. - Choice D (increased gas solubility) would not directly affect respiratory efficiency.
Question 2 of 5
Inhibition of medulla oblongata chemoreceptors and respiratory muscles has what effect on respiratory rate, elimination of CO2 at alveoli, and arterial PCO2?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Inhibition of medulla oblongata chemoreceptors and respiratory muscles would decrease respiratory rate, leading to decreased elimination of CO2 at alveoli. This would cause an increase in arterial PCO2 due to less CO2 being removed from the body. Therefore, choice D is correct. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not align with the physiological effects of inhibiting the medulla oblongata chemoreceptors and respiratory muscles. Option A suggests an increase in respiratory rate and elimination of CO2, which goes against the expected decrease in these parameters. Option B proposes an increase in respiratory rate but a decrease in CO2 elimination and arterial PCO2, which is inconsistent with the expected outcomes. Option C suggests an increase in respiratory rate and CO2 elimination but a decrease in arterial PCO2, which does not follow the logic of the question.
Question 3 of 5
The collapse of lung is known as:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: atelectasis. Atelectasis refers to the collapse of a lung or a part of a lung, leading to incomplete expansion of air sacs. This can be caused by various factors such as blockage of the airways or compression of the lung tissue. Pleurisy (A) is inflammation of the pleura, the lining around the lungs. Pleural effusion (B) is the accumulation of fluid in the pleural space. Pneumothorax (D) is the presence of air in the pleural space, leading to lung collapse. Atelectasis specifically describes the collapse of the lung itself, making it the correct choice.
Question 4 of 5
The most important factor in determining the percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The partial pressure of O2. Oxygen saturation of hemoglobin is directly related to the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood. As the partial pressure of O2 increases, more oxygen binds to hemoglobin, leading to higher oxygen saturation. Acidity (choice B) and the partial pressure of CO2 (choice C) can influence the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve, but they are not the primary factors determining oxygen saturation. Choice D is incomplete and not relevant to the question.
Question 5 of 5
The 75-year-old patient asks the nurse if the Pneumovax immunization he took when he was 65 is still protecting him. Which reply is most accurate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Pneumovax is recommended for adults aged 65 and older. Step 2: Immunity from Pneumovax decreases over time. Step 3: CDC recommends a second dose of Pneumovax after 5 years for those at highest risk. Step 4: Answer D is correct as it aligns with CDC guidelines for revaccination. Step 5: Other choices are incorrect as they do not reflect current recommendations or scientific evidence.