ATI RN
Neurological Vital Signs Assessment Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following correctly describes phonophoresis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because phonophoresis involves using ultrasound to drive topical medications into tissue. Ultrasound waves help enhance the penetration of medications through the skin and into deeper tissues. This method is effective for localized pain management and inflammation. Choice B is incorrect because using electric current to drive medications into tissue is known as iontophoresis, not phonophoresis. Choice C is incorrect as massage alone cannot drive topical medications into tissue. Choice D is incorrect because using cold spray to numb a painful area is a form of cryotherapy, not phonophoresis. In summary, phonophoresis involves ultrasound to enhance medication penetration, differing from iontophoresis, massage, and cryotherapy.
Question 2 of 5
Which of these techniques uses the sense of touch to assess texture, temperature, moisture, and swelling when the nurse is assessing a patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Palpation. Palpation is a technique that involves using the sense of touch to assess various aspects such as texture, temperature, moisture, and swelling during a patient assessment. This technique allows the nurse to feel for abnormalities, tenderness, or changes in the patient's body. It is a crucial part of a physical examination as it provides valuable information about the patient's condition. Explanation of why the other choices are incorrect: B: Inspection involves visual examination and does not involve the sense of touch. C: Percussion is a technique that involves tapping the body to assess underlying structures and is not related to using the sense of touch. D: Auscultation involves listening to sounds within the body using a stethoscope and does not involve the sense of touch.
Question 3 of 5
Bill, a 55-year-old man, presents with pain in his epigastrium which lasts for 30 minutes or more at a time and has started recently. Which of the following should be considered?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: All of the above. 1. Epigastric pain lasting 30+ minutes suggests a serious condition. 2. Peptic ulcer: Common cause of epigastric pain, especially if worsened by food. 3. Pancreatitis: Presents with severe epigastric pain that may radiate to the back. 4. Myocardial ischemia: Can manifest as epigastric discomfort, especially in older individuals. Summary: All choices are valid considerations due to the severity and location of the pain, making D the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
A 55-year-old secretary with a recent history of breast cancer, for which she underwent surgery and radiation therapy, and a history of hypertension comes to your office for a routine checkup. Which of the following aspects of the physical are important to note when assessing the patient for peripheral vascular disease in the arms?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Radial pulse, brachial pulse. When assessing for peripheral vascular disease in the arms, it is important to check the radial and brachial pulses. The radial pulse is located at the wrist and is an indicator of arterial flow to the hand, while the brachial pulse is located in the upper arm and is important for assessing arterial flow to the forearm. In this patient with a history of breast cancer and hypertension, checking these pulses can provide valuable information about blood flow to the arms, especially after surgery and radiation therapy. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because: A: Femoral and popliteal pulses are located in the lower extremities and are not relevant for assessing peripheral vascular disease in the arms. B: Dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses are also located in the lower extremities and do not provide information about arterial flow to the arms. C: Carotid pulse is located in the neck and is
Question 5 of 5
A client is admitted to an acute care facility with a diagnosis of cerebrovascular accident (CVA). The history reveals bronchial asthma, exogenous obesity, and severe headaches. Which history finding is a risk factor for CVA?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Obesity. Obesity is a significant risk factor for cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs) due to its association with hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, all of which increase the risk of stroke. Excess weight can lead to inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and atherosclerosis, contributing to the development of CVAs. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Caucasian race is not a direct risk factor for CVA. Risk factors are based on individual health conditions rather than race. B: Female sex alone is not a risk factor for CVA. However, certain conditions more prevalent in females, such as migraine headaches or hormonal factors, could contribute to CVA risk. D: While bronchial asthma may lead to decreased oxygen supply and potentially increase stroke risk, it is not considered a major risk factor compared to obesity.