Which of the following contributes most to the debilitation of an individual during a course of chemotherapy?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Pain is a significant contributor to the debilitation of an individual during a course of chemotherapy. The side effects of chemotherapy often include pain, which can be caused by treatment procedures, side effects of medication, or the cancer itself. Pain can lead to decreased mobility, appetite, and overall quality of life, impacting the individual's ability to cope with treatment and recovery. Managing pain effectively is crucial in improving the patient's comfort and overall well-being during chemotherapy. While diarrhea, alopecia, and constipation are common side effects of chemotherapy, they do not typically contribute as significantly to the debilitation of an individual compared to pain.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When a patient is receiving diuretic therapy, monitoring intake, output, and daily weight is essential in assessing the patient's fluid volume status. Diuretics promote the excretion of excess fluid from the body, which can lead to changes in fluid balance. Monitoring intake and output provides information about how much fluid the patient is taking in and how much is being excreted, helping to assess the overall fluid balance. Daily weight measurements can also indicate changes in fluid status, as a sudden weight gain or loss may suggest fluid retention or depletion, respectively. Additionally, trends in weight changes over time can provide valuable information about the effectiveness of diuretic therapy and the patient's response to treatment.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The rights of medication administration include the right patient, right medication, right dose, right route, right time, and right documentation. However, "right attitude" is not one of the recognized rights of medication administration. While having a positive and professional attitude is important for healthcare providers, it is not specifically listed as a distinct right in medication administration protocols.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Pain is a significant contributor to the debilitation of an individual during a course of chemotherapy. The side effects of chemotherapy often include pain, which can be caused by treatment procedures, side effects of medication, or the cancer itself. Pain can lead to decreased mobility, appetite, and overall quality of life, impacting the individual's ability to cope with treatment and recovery. Managing pain effectively is crucial in improving the patient's comfort and overall well-being during chemotherapy. While diarrhea, alopecia, and constipation are common side effects of chemotherapy, they do not typically contribute as significantly to the debilitation of an individual compared to pain.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Carvedilol is available orally and is used to treat hypertension as well as congestive heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction after a myocardial infarction. Sotalol is a nonselective beta-adrenergic blocking agent used to treat potentially life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias and to maintain normal sinus rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation or flutter. Propranolol is a nonselective beta-adrenergic blocking agent used for treatment of hypertension, angina, idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS) induced palpitations, angina and syncope, some cardiac arrhythmias induced by catecholamines or digoxin, pheochromocytoma; prevention of reinfarction after myocardial infarction; prophylaxis for migraine headache (which may be caused by vasodilation and is relieved by vasoconstriction, although the exact action is not clearly understood); prevention of stage fright (which is a sympathetic stress reaction to a particular situation); and treatment of essential tremors. Tamsulosin is used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia and is an alpha1-selective adrenergic blocking agent.