ATI RN
Multiple Choice Questions on Endocrine System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following comes under tumors?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Gigantism, acromegaly, and hyperprolactinemia often stem from pituitary adenomas (tumors), but the question implies adrenal tumors (pheochromocytoma, neuroblastoma) from context. These pituitary conditions aren't adrenal tumors, so 'none' fits if strictly adrenal-focused. This distinction clarifies tumor location, key to differential diagnosis, contrasting with pituitary-derived states.
Question 2 of 5
How do hormones from the thyroid and parathyroid regulate the calcium concentration of the blood?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Thyroid's calcitonin lowers blood calcium, depositing it in bones, while parathyroid hormone (PTH) raises it, mobilizing bone calcium and kidney reabsorption. Reversing this (PTH lowering, calcitonin raising) defies physiology. T3/T4 (thyroxine, triiodothyronine) regulate metabolism, not calcium. Including all thyroid hormones (T3, T4, calcitonin) with PTH overstates only calcitonin pairs with PTH. This antagonistic balance distinguishes calcium regulation, key to skeletal and blood homeostasis.
Question 3 of 5
Calcium level in the blood is regulated by the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Parathyroid glands regulate blood calcium, raising it via PTH (bone resorption, kidney reabsorption), while thyroid's calcitonin lowers it parathyroid dominates setpoint. Thyroid contributes (calcitonin), but parathyroid drives adjustment. Posterior pituitary (ADH) manages water, not calcium. Adrenal medulla (epinephrine) affects stress, not calcium. Parathyroid's PTH primacy distinguishes it, critical for calcium homeostasis, unlike secondary or unrelated glands.
Question 4 of 5
Estrogens and progesterone are produced by:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ovaries produce estrogens and progesterone, driving female reproductive cycles and traits. Testes produce testosterone, adrenals minor sex hormones, and hypothalamus GnRH not estrogens/progesterone. Ovarian production distinguishes these hormones' source, essential for female endocrinology, contrasting with male or regulatory glands.
Question 5 of 5
The rate of metabolism of all body cells is regulated by
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Thyroid hormone (T3/T4) sets cellular metabolic rate, influencing energy production body-wide. Parathyroid hormone and calcitonin manage calcium, aldosterone fluid/electrolytes not metabolism universally. Thyroid hormone's broad metabolic control distinguishes it, essential for energy regulation, contrasting with ion-specific hormones.