ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Exam Flashcards Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following causes of anemia is associated with microcytosis:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) Beta-thalassemia, which is associated with microcytosis. Beta-thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder characterized by reduced production of hemoglobin, leading to small red blood cells (microcytosis) and anemia. Option A) Folic acid deficiency is associated with macrocytic anemia, not microcytosis. Folic acid is necessary for red blood cell production, and its deficiency leads to enlarged red blood cells. Option B) Immune hemolytic anemia is characterized by the premature destruction of red blood cells by the immune system, leading to hemolysis. This condition does not specifically cause microcytosis. Option C) Hypothyroidism can lead to normocytic anemia, where red blood cells are normal in size but insufficient in quantity. It is not directly associated with microcytosis. In a pediatric nursing context, understanding the different causes of anemia and their characteristic features is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Recognizing the link between beta-thalassemia and microcytosis helps nurses provide targeted care and education to patients and their families. It also highlights the importance of thorough assessment and interpretation of laboratory findings in pediatric patients presenting with anemia.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assessing a 6-month-old healthy infant who weighed 7 pounds at birth. The nurse should expect the infant to now weigh approximately how many pounds?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is B) 15 pounds. Infants typically double their birth weight by 6 months of age, and this is known as the doubling birth weight milestone. In this case, the infant's birth weight was 7 pounds, so it is reasonable to expect the infant to weigh around 14 pounds by 6 months. Considering normal growth patterns, the closest option is 15 pounds. Option A) 10 pounds is too low for a 6-month-old infant who started at 7 pounds at birth. Infants usually exceed their birth weight by 6 months. Option C) 20 pounds is too high for a 6-month-old infant who started at 7 pounds at birth. While infants do gain weight rapidly in the first year, reaching 20 pounds by 6 months would be excessive. Option D) 25 pounds is significantly higher than the expected weight for a 6-month-old infant who started at 7 pounds. Infants do not typically reach this weight until closer to their first birthday. Understanding pediatric growth and development milestones is crucial for nurses caring for infants. Monitoring weight gain is essential in assessing overall health and nutrition. By knowing the expected weight ranges at different ages, nurses can identify potential issues early and provide appropriate interventions to support optimal growth and development.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is interviewing the father of 10-month-old Megan. She is playing on the floor when she notices an electric outlet and reaches up to touch it. Her father says no firmly and removes her from near the outlet. The nurse should use this opportunity to teach the father that Megan:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) Megan is old enough to understand the word no. This option is correct because infants as young as 10 months old can begin to grasp simple commands and instructions. By firmly saying no and removing her from the dangerous situation, Megan's father is beginning to teach her boundaries and safety. This is a crucial aspect of infant development as it helps them understand cause and effect, learn about dangers, and start building a foundation for discipline. Option B) is incorrect because infants at 10 months are capable of understanding simple words like no, especially when consistently reinforced with actions that follow the words. Option C) is incorrect because infants do not have innate knowledge of dangers such as electric outlets; they rely on caregivers to protect them and teach them about potential hazards. Option D) is incorrect and inappropriate as spanking is not a recommended or effective method of teaching safety or discipline to children. In an educational context, it is important for nurses to provide parents with guidance on age-appropriate discipline strategies and safety measures. By explaining the developmental capabilities of infants and the importance of consistent and positive reinforcement, nurses can help parents create a safe and nurturing environment for their children. This scenario also highlights the significance of early intervention in teaching children about safety to prevent accidents and injuries.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse notices that a 10-month-old infant being seen in the clinic is wearing expensive clothing.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer, D) Discuss with the parents the importance of appropriate clothing for infants, is the most appropriate response in this scenario on the Pediatric Nursing Exam Flashcards. Engaging in a conversation with the parents about the importance of appropriate clothing for infants allows the nurse to provide education on the significance of clothing choices related to the infant's comfort, safety, and development. This approach focuses on building a trusting relationship with the parents and offering guidance rather than making assumptions or judgments about their financial situation. Option A) Question the parents about their financial situation is not the best choice because it may come across as intrusive, judgmental, and insensitive. It is not within the nurse's scope of practice to directly question the parents about their financial status without a valid reason. Option B) Ask the parents if they receive assistance for clothing may also not be the most appropriate response as it assumes that the parents are in need of assistance based solely on the infant's clothing. This approach may lead to misunderstandings and potentially offend the parents. Option C) Advise the parents on budget-friendly clothing options is not the most suitable response in this situation because it focuses solely on the financial aspect of clothing choices. While being cost-conscious is important, the primary concern should be the appropriateness of the clothing for the infant's well-being. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to approach situations like these with sensitivity, cultural competence, and a focus on providing valuable information and support to families rather than making assumptions or judgments. By discussing the importance of appropriate clothing for infants, nurses can empower parents to make informed decisions that benefit their child's health and development.
Question 5 of 5
The mean age range for breast bud appearance (thelarche) in females is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In pediatric nursing, understanding the normal growth and development milestones is crucial for assessing and providing appropriate care for children. The mean age range for breast bud appearance (thelarche) in females is typically around 8-12 years old. This age range signifies the onset of puberty in girls, marking the development of secondary sexual characteristics. Option A) 5-9 years is too early for thelarche to typically occur in most females. Puberty usually begins around 8-12 years of age. Option B) 6-10 years is also too early for thelarche. The average age range for breast bud appearance is slightly older. Option C) 7-11 years falls within a more common age range for thelarche, but the mean age is still more likely to be around 8-12 years old. Educationally, understanding the timing of thelarche is essential for healthcare professionals working with pediatric patients. It helps in assessing normal growth and development, identifying potential issues or delays, and providing appropriate education and support to both children and their families as they navigate the physical and emotional changes of puberty.