ATI RN
Pediatric Clinical Nurse Specialist Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following causes metabolic acidosis with a normal anion gap?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diarrhea leads to metabolic acidosis with a normal anion gap due to excessive bicarbonate loss in stool. This type of acidosis is known as hyperchloremic acidosis, where chloride replaces lost bicarbonate.
Question 2 of 5
The most common viral cause of encephalitis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Enteroviruses, including Coxsackie and Echoviruses, are the most frequent cause of viral encephalitis worldwide, affecting both children and adults.
Question 3 of 5
One of the following is a common neonatal respiratory problem associated with premature infants
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Apnea is a common respiratory problem in premature infants due to immaturity of the respiratory control centers in the brain. The other conditions are also seen but are less specific to prematurity.
Question 4 of 5
Regarding disorders of acid-base balance, what is the compensatory mechanism that takes place to keep pH normal when there is bicarbonate loss in urine?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperventilation is the compensatory mechanism for metabolic acidosis, leading to increased CO2 elimination and normalization of pH.
Question 5 of 5
The MOST important proposed field treatment for snake bites is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Immobilization prevents venom spread and is the best immediate treatment.