ATI RN
NCLEX Questions Gastrointestinal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following carbohydrates can be transported across the absorptive cells of the intestinal surface?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because glucose, fructose, and galactose are all monosaccharides, which are the simplest form of carbohydrates and can be directly absorbed by the intestinal cells through specific transport proteins. This process occurs through facilitated diffusion or active transport mechanisms. In contrast, choices A and B consist of disaccharides or polysaccharides, which need to be broken down into monosaccharides before absorption can occur. Choice D includes enzymes and disaccharides, which are not directly absorbed but rather involved in the digestion process. Thus, only choice C aligns with the mechanism of carbohydrate absorption in the intestines.
Question 2 of 5
You would be most concerned about which client having an order for TPN (total parenteral nutrition) fat emulsion?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D Rationale: 1. TPN fat emulsion can increase the risk of fat embolism in clients with fractures. 2. Fat embolism is a serious complication in clients with long bone fractures, like a fractured femur. 3. Clients with gastrointestinal issues, anorexia nervosa, chronic diarrhea, or vomiting are not at increased risk for fat embolism. 4. Monitoring for signs of fat embolism is crucial in clients receiving TPN fat emulsion to prevent complications.
Question 3 of 5
A client has to undergo a barium enema for a suspected GI disorder. During the test, he experiences a strong urge to defecate and seeks the nurse's advice. Which of the following should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assure him that most people can retain the urge. The rationale is as follows: 1. Retaining the urge during a barium enema is common due to the pressure from the barium solution. 2. Advising the client to clear his bowel immediately is incorrect because it may disrupt the test. 3. Giving analgesics to relieve the urge is incorrect as it does not address the issue. 4. Instructing to drink plenty of fluids is incorrect as it does not help in managing the urge. In summary, choice B is correct as it reassures the client and helps maintain the integrity of the test.
Question 4 of 5
A client with ulcerative colitis, who experiences severe diarrhea, is prescribed a cleansing enema to relieve the symptoms. Which of the following interventions should the nurse consider at this stage?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Question the physician about the use of the cleansing enema. In this scenario, the nurse should question the physician because administering a cleansing enema to a client with ulcerative colitis and severe diarrhea can potentially exacerbate the condition. The nurse needs to verify if the enema is the appropriate intervention and if there are alternative treatments that may be safer and more effective. Summary: - Choice B: Educating the client about the procedure does not address the potential risks of administering the enema. - Choice C: Positioning the client comfortably is important but does not address the appropriateness of the enema. - Choice D: Instructing the client to visit the toilet before the enema does not address the potential risks associated with the procedure.
Question 5 of 5
Why should a nurse instruct a client with an ileostomy to avoid enteric-coated products?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because enteric-coated products are designed to bypass the stomach and dissolve in the small intestine, where absorption of medications occurs. Since an ileostomy bypasses the large intestine, the medication in enteric-coated products may not be fully absorbed, leading to reduced effectiveness. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly relate to the specific issue of absorption in the context of an ileostomy.