Which of the following can occur as a result of decreased hearing in the older person?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Decreased hearing in older individuals can lead to increased danger as they may not be able to hear important warning sounds like smoke or security alarms. This can compromise their safety and well-being. A is incorrect because decreased hearing may lead to increased stressful interactions due to difficulties in communication. C is incorrect because decreased hearing can actually increase danger when driving or walking in traffic as the individual may not be able to hear car horns or other traffic sounds, leading to potential accidents. D is incorrect because decreased hearing can contribute to an increased risk of falls due to decreased awareness of environmental sounds and hazards.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because assisting residents with ambulation to meals promotes physical activity, which is known to reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease. Physical activity increases blood flow to the brain, reduces inflammation, and promotes the growth of new brain cells. Keeping curtains open (choice A) may offer natural light but does not directly reduce the risk of AD. Offering beads for stringing (choice B) and showing movies (choice C) may provide cognitive stimulation but do not address the physical activity needed to decrease the risk of AD.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because maintaining good eye contact and a relaxed, smiling approach can help establish a sense of trust and connection with persons with dementia. This approach can help reduce feelings of confusion and anxiety in individuals with dementia, improving communication and fostering a positive interaction. A: Asking open-ended questions may overwhelm individuals with dementia and make it difficult for them to process information. B: Talking to persons with dementia as you would a child is inappropriate and disrespectful, as it disregards their dignity and autonomy. D: Reminding individuals with dementia not to forget something can be frustrating and may lead to feelings of failure or inadequacy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because a decrease in alveolar elasticity is not a physical change that directly leads to an increasing incidence of hypertension in the older adult. Arterial stiffening and loss of elasticity (choice A) can lead to increased blood pressure. Changes in renal regulation of sodium and water (choice B) can impact fluid balance and blood pressure. Increasing body weight (choice D) can contribute to hypertension through increased strain on the cardiovascular system. Therefore, a decrease in alveolar elasticity is not directly related to hypertension in the same way as the other choices.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Decreased hearing in older individuals can lead to increased danger as they may not be able to hear important warning sounds like smoke or security alarms. This can compromise their safety and well-being. A is incorrect because decreased hearing may lead to increased stressful interactions due to difficulties in communication. C is incorrect because decreased hearing can actually increase danger when driving or walking in traffic as the individual may not be able to hear car horns or other traffic sounds, leading to potential accidents. D is incorrect because decreased hearing can contribute to an increased risk of falls due to decreased awareness of environmental sounds and hazards.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Installing safety bars and removing tripping hazards. This strategy addresses environmental factors that contribute to falls in older adults. Safety bars provide support, while removing tripping hazards reduces the risk of accidents. Restricting mobility (choice A) can lead to muscle weakness and increase fall risk. Increasing medication dosages (choice C) can cause side effects like dizziness, increasing fall risk. Providing frequent sedation (choice D) can impair alertness and balance, also increasing fall risk. Thus, choice B is the most effective strategy to reduce falls by modifying the physical environment.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Monitoring for electrolyte imbalances and adjusting medications accordingly. In advanced CKD, electrolyte imbalances can worsen kidney function and lead to complications. Monitoring electrolytes like potassium and adjusting medications such as diuretics is crucial. A: Initiating early dialysis is not always necessary and should be based on individual patient factors. B: Avoiding all medications is not feasible as some medications are essential and can be adjusted based on kidney function. D: Limiting fluid intake to less than 500 mL per day is too restrictive and can lead to dehydration.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because older adults with chronic conditions are often prescribed multiple medications to manage their various health issues, leading to polypharmacy and increased risk of adverse drug reactions. This challenge can result in medication mismanagement, drug interactions, and medication non-adherence. The other choices are incorrect because comorbidities are common in older adults, medical intervention is generally accepted, and older adults often experience declines in physical and cognitive health with age.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because storytelling allows older clients to recall and share past experiences, promoting reminiscence. Storytelling evokes memories and encourages clients to reflect on their lives. Playing cards, painting, and watching movies do not necessarily prompt reminiscence as effectively as storytelling does. Playing cards and painting are activities that may not directly stimulate reminiscence, and watching movies may not engage clients in personal reflection as much as storytelling does.